颌面部手术患者病耻感的影响因素分析

Influencing factors of stigma in patients with maxillofacial surgery

目的探讨颌面部手术后患者的病耻感水平与心理韧性的相关性及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年6—12月山东省、吉林省共3所医院因唇腭裂、颌面部肿物、外伤等接受颌面部手术的80例患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、社会影响量表(SIS)、心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)作为研究工具对患者进行调查。结果共发放问卷90份,回收有效问卷80份。80例接受颌面部手术患者SIS得分为(64.75±12.52)分,CD-RISC得分为(26.37±7.06)分。相关性分析结果显示,患者的病耻感水平与心理弹性呈负相关(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、文化程度、术后时间、复发及手术次数、心理韧性水平是患者病耻感水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论颌面部手术患者存在较高水平的病耻感,并受多种因素共同制约。护理人员应根据患者的不同状况,采取积极的心理干预策略,提高患者的心理韧性水平,有效降低患者的病耻感。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the level of stigma and psychological resilience of patients after maxillofacial surgery and its influencing factors.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 80 patients who underwent maxillofacial surgery for cleft lip and palate,maxillofacial tumors,trauma,etc.from 3 hospitals in Shandong and Jilin provinces from June to December 2018,using General Questionnaires,Social Impact Scale(SIS),and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)were used as research tools to investigate patients.Results A total of 90 questionnaires were distributed,and 80 valid questionnaires were recovered.The SIS score of 80 patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery was(64.75±12.52),and the CD-RISC score was(26.37±7.06).The results of correlation analysis showed that the level of patients'stigma was negatively correlated with psychological resilience(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,age,education level,postoperative time,recurrence and number of operations,and level of mental resilience were the influencing factors of patients'level of stigma(P<0.05).Conclusions Patients with maxillofacial surgery have a relatively high level of stigma and are jointly restricted by various factors.Nursing staff should adopt active psychological intervention strategies according to the different conditions of the patients,improve the patients'psychological resilience level,and effectively reduce the patients'sense of stigma.