中美贸易摩擦对全球及我国汽车产业的影响

The Impact of Sino-US Trade Friction on the Global and China’s Automotive Industry

2018年,特朗普政府已先后对价值340亿美元、160亿美元与2000亿美元的中国进口商品加征25%及10%的关税。作为反制措施之一,我国也对部分自美进口商品加征了关税。汽车产业产业链长、覆盖面广,在中美互征关税清单中,汽车整车及零部件商品成了"主战场"之一,中美在汽车领域的贸易摩擦对全球多个国家都带来一定的影响。当前,我国正处于由汽车大国迈向汽车强国的关键时期,系统分析中美贸易摩擦对汽车产业的影响并提出应对策略,具有重要现实意义。为此,提出三点建议:一是推动产业高质量发展,培育竞争新优势;二是坚持优化产品结构,提升技术掌控能力;三是强化多边合作机制,提高抵御风险能力。

In 2018, the Trump administration has imposed tariffs of 25% and 10% on Chinese imports worth $34 billion, $16 billion and $200 billion. As one of the countermeasures, China has also imposed tariffs on some imported goods from the United States. The automotive industry has a long industrial chain and a wide coverage. In the list of Sino-US tariffs, automobiles and components have become one of the "main battlefields". Sino-US trade frictions in the automotive sector have brought certain influence to many countries around the world. At present, China is in a critical period from a big automotive country to a powerful country. It is of great practical significance to systematically analyze the impact of Sino-US trade friction on the automotive industry and propose countermeasures. To this end, three suggestions are proposed: one is to promote the high-quality development of the industry and foster new competitive advantages;the second is to insist on optimizing the product structure and improving the ability to control the technology;the third is to strengthen the multilateral cooperation mechanism and improve the ability to withstand risks.