办公和商业用地停车位配建指标及其实施评价:以深圳为例

Spatial Characteristics of Off-street Parking Supply and Its Integration with Urban Built Environments:the Case of Shenzhen

本文以深圳市为例,通过建立线性回归模型,对办公和商业用地路外停车设施供给的空间特征及其与土地使用的互动关系进行了深入分析。研究发现,尽管深圳市规划管理部门在《城市规划标准与准则》中设定了较为详细的停车位配建指标,但实际的停车供给并不总是与政策要求相一致。办公和商业停车设施的实际供给量与建筑物容积率、用地面积、建设时间等具有统计学相关性,而与建筑物所在区位、公交服务水平等要素相关性不显著。在市场条件下,停车设施实际供给量不仅受到政策影响,也一定程度上受到开发商供给意愿的影响。基于片区的停车总量控制,停车供给上限管理和鼓励小尺度街区等措施,将有利于实现停车、公交和土地利用的协同,促进城市可持续发展。

Using Shenzhen,China as a case,this study establishes an ordinary least square model to analyze the spatial characteristics of parking supply in office and commercial land uses,and the interrelationships between parking supply and urban built environments.The empirical findings show that although Shenzhen government has regulated minimum parking requirement for each land use,the actual parking provisions are not always coincident with minimum parking requirements.Actual parking provisions in office and commercial buildings are statistically significant with a series of built environment characteristics,such as floor area ratio,land area and operation time,whereas they are statistically insignificant with location and transit accessibility.The outcomes indicate that parking provisions are influenced not only by parking regulations but also by developers’willingness under parking market.Some implications,such as district-based parking management,parking supply caps and the encouragement of fine-grained street networks,are derived from the empirical findings to support parking-transit-land use integration towards sustainable transport.