文创产业聚集地区内居住用地的混合发展定量研究——以北京奥林匹克公园文化体育融合功能区为例

Quantitative Research on Mixed Use of Residential Land in Culture&Creative Industries Cluster:Beijing Olympic Park Function Zone as a Case

定量分析城市一定区域内某类用地上的产业分布和演变特征,是验证此类用地的规划意图、实际利用以及土地混合利用状况的途径之一。本文选取北京典型的文化创意产业聚集区——北京奥林匹克公园文化体育融合功能区为研究对象,关联企业数据与土地利用数据,定量研究2011到2015年功能区居住用地上20个行业门类的产业空间分布及演变特征。数据分析结果表明,功能区居住用地上承接了包括文化创意产业在内的不同行业门类下的产业。且在研究年份内,功能区内居住用地上的企业数量持续增加,但占功能区内全部企业数量的比重持续小幅降低,企业数量构成上呈现出由批发零售业转向租赁办公和科学研究及服务业的趋势;此外,居住用地上的企业税收占功能区总税收的比重相对稳定,其中,税收贡献最大的是房地产业,区别于功能区内税收贡献最大的金融业。总体上,功能区居住用地上承接了大量的中小企业,贡献了相当比例的税收,呈现出显著的土地混合利用特征。同时,研究表明,利用企业数据结合空间数据进行分析的时候,需要对数据构成作细致分析,厘清与空间关联的部分,并宜采用多途径校核,以确保分析结论的可信性。

Quantity research on the industrial spatial distribution and evolution on certain category of land,is one approach to testify planning purpose and unveil real utilization of the land,as well as the way to uncover the mixed-use of these lands objectively.This paper takes Beijing Olympic Park function zone as a case,one of the typical culture and creative industries(CCI)clusters in Beijing,exploring the quantity research method for the industrial spatial distribution and evolution on residential lands in the zone by employing the enterprise data and land use data from 2011 to 2015.The research shows,the residential lands host multi-category industries including CCI.From 2011 to 2015,the number of enterprises,including the CCI enterprises,on the residential lands increased,while the percentage of the enterprises number on residential lands to all lands decreased continuously.The leasing and business services industry,and scientific research and technical service industry weights gradually,comparing to the wholesale and retail trade industry which occupying the largest percentage of enterprise number constitutions.The industrial taxation ratio of residential lands maintained relatively stable comparing to all industrial taxation in the function zone.The largest part of industrial taxation on residential lands is estate industry,differing from finance industry which being the largest one of all lands.To sum up,the residential lands in the function zone carry on a big amount of mediumsized and small-sized enterprises,provide certain part of taxation,embody significant features of mixed use.Meanwhile,the research indicates that the authenticity of the correlation analysis of enterprise data with spatial data depends on the detailed analysis on data composition,in which the how the enterprise data associated with the urban space need to be studied,at the same time,other research approach need to be adopted for calibration.