氧化还原电位在黄铜矿生物湿法冶金中的作用及其调控:综述

Role and maintenance of redox potential on chalcopyrite biohydrometallurgy:An overview

黄铜矿是一种重要的铜资源,但由于黄铜矿晶格能较高,溶解动力学较低,导致其在湿法冶金过程中浸出效率不理想。为了解决这一问题进行了一系列新技术的研究,包括对高效菌株的选育,抑制在矿物表面钝化膜的生成,以及控制溶液氧化还原电位在最佳区间内。目前,对前两个技术的研究工作已有大量的总结,而对于控制氧化还原电位这一过程的工作总结较少。本文通过研究近年来的相关工作,介绍了铜湿法冶金过程中溶液氧化还原电位的定义、作用以及对氧化还原电位的控制等相关内容。

Chalcopyrite is one of the most important copper minerals;however,the extracted efficiency of chalcopyrite is still not satisfactory in hydrometallurgy owing to its high lattice energy which leads to its low dissolution kinetics.To overcome the difficulties,many advanced technologies have been developed,including the selection of high effectively bacteria,the inhibition of the passivation film adhered onto the minerals surface,and the maintenance of solution redox potential under an optimum range.Up to date,considerable researches on the first two terms have been summarized,while the overview of the last term has been rarely reported.Based on corresponding works in recent years,key trends and roles of solution redox potential in copper hydrometallurgy,including its definition,effect and maintenance,have been introduced in this review.