环境空气质量标准修订后城市空气质量变化趋势及污染特征分析——以济南市为例

Analysis on the Change Trend and Pollution Characteristics of Urban Air Quality after Revision of Ambient Air Quality Standards:Take Jinan City as an Example

2012年环境空气质量标准修订后,大气污染物监测指标与频次发生变化,在一定程度上影响了城市空气质量评价及污染特征判定。为进一步促进城市空气质量改善,为地方环境管理与决策提供科学支撑,通过运用统计分析、趋势检验及相关分析等方法研究了济南市执行新环境空气质量标准后各时段城市空气质量及6项污染物浓度变化趋势,并在此基础上识别了空气污染特征。结果表明:自2013年起,PM 10、PM 2.5浓度不断下降,SO 2、CO持续达标,近3年间全市无污染天数占50%左右;从季节变化来看,冬季大气污染最为严重,夏秋两季空气环境质量较好;PM 10、PM 2.5与NO 2长期处于超标水平,O 3污染愈加严重。可见济南市环境空气质量虽日趋改善,但以PM 10、PM 2.5和O 3污染为代表的复合型大气污染特征已经形成。

After the revision of the ambient air quality standard in 2012,the index and frequency of air pollutants monitoring have been changed,which affects the urban air quality evaluation and the determination of pollution characteristics to some extents.To promote environmental air quality monitoring and provide scientific support for local environmental management and decision-making,methods such as statistical analysis,trend checking and correlation analysis were used to investigate the change trend of the atmospheric environment quality and six sorts of air pollutants in different periods in Jinan City,Shandong,and the characteristics of air pollution were studied after the implementation of the new ambient air quality standards.Results show that since 2013,the concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 decreased constantly,SO 2 and CO qualified the standard,and the pollution-free days in the city accounted for about 50%in the past three years.Air pollution was more serious in winter than in summer and autumn.PM 10,PM 2.5,and NO 2 disqualified the standard and O 3 pollution became more and more serious.Therefore,although the environmental air quality of Jinan City has been improved,the composite air pollution jointed by PM 10,PM 2.5,and O 3 pollution was formed.