我国东北、西北地区秸秆牧草类饲料资源常规概略养分含量调查报告

Investigation Report on Nutrient Content of Straw and Forage Feed Resources in Northeast and Northwest China

本调查研究了我国东北、西北地区秸秆牧草类饲料原料中常规概略养分含量分布情况,旨在为饲粮配方的合理设计提供科学依据。对采自东北、西北地区11个省、区的8种共227个秸秆和牧草类饲料原料测定其常规概略养分含量。结果表明,秸秆类4种饲料原料的平均水分含量范围为6.23%~7.89%;牧草类4种饲料原料的平均水分含量范围为5.49%~7.21%。以绝干物计,4种秸秆类饲料原料的粗蛋白质含量范围为3.89%~15.00%,粗脂肪含量范围为0.99%~2.03%,粗纤维含量范围为21.81%~36.71%,粗灰分含量范围为7.83%~13.80%,无氮浸出物含量范围为48.81%~56.50%;4种牧草类饲料原料的粗蛋白质含量范围为6.11%~16.94%,粗脂肪含量范围为1.63%~3.41%,粗纤维含量范围为22.08%~30.96%,粗灰分含量范围为6.64%~9.51%,无氮浸出物含量范围为44.19%~62.22%。可以看出,不同种类和不同地区饲料原料中常规概略养分含量差异较大。因此,在实际生产中,应充分考虑不同地区基础饲粮中的常规概略养分含量及其利用率,精准配制饲粮,以满足畜禽高效生产需要。

The purpose of this survey is to study the distribution of general nutrient content in straw and forage feed raw materials in Northeast and Northwest China,so as to provide scientific basis for the rational design of dietary formulation.Routine nutrient content of 227 straw and forage feed materials collected from 11 provinces in Northeast and Northwest China was determined.The average moisture content of four kinds of straw feed materials ranged from 6.23%to 7.89%,and that of four kinds of forage materials ranged from 5.49%to 7.21%.The crude protein content,crude fat content,crude fiber content,crude ash content and nitrogen-free extract content of four straw feed materials ranged from 3.89%to 15.00%,0.99%to 2.03%,21.81%to 36.71%,7.83%to 13.80%and 48.81%to 56.50%respectively.Crude protein content ranged from 6.11%to 16.94%,crude fat content ranged from 1.63%to 3.41%,crude fibre content ranged from 22.08%to 30.96%,crude ash content ranged from 6.64%to 9.51%,and nitrogen-free extract content ranged from 44.19%to 62.22%.The above results showed that there were significant differences in the content of general nutrients in feed materials of different types and regions.Therefore,in the actual production,we should fully consider the general nutrient content and utilization rate of basic diets in different areas,and accurately prepare diets to meet the needs of efficient production of livestock and poultry.