欧洲国家公园管理分区模式研究

Research on Zoning Model of National Parks in Europe

欧洲国家公园发展历程历经百年,具有相对完善的国家公园管理分区模式与成熟的管理经验。对与中国国家公园相近的隶属于IUCN II类自然保护地的欧洲国家公园进行分析梳理,依据分区数量将国家公园管理分区模式归纳总结为3种类型,即2类分区、3类分区和4类分区,并选择具有代表性的欧洲国家进行管理分区依据、管理体制等方面的对比分析,对中国现行国家公园管理分区提出复合性、灵活性与可操作性等建议。

Having developed for over a hundred years,European national parks have had a relatively perfect zoning system and mature management experiences.The research focuses on the European national parks belonging to the IUCN II protected areas,which bear similarities with China national park.Through comprehensive literature research,it sums up the zoning model of European national parks into three categories according to the number of partitions.The comparative analysis of the representative European national parks includes the division basis and management system.This study further provides gives proposals on China national park zoning system,such as complexity,flexibility and maneuverability.