传统聚落空间图式语言体系构建研究--以福建闽江流域为例

Research on Construction of Traditional Settlement Spatial Schema Language System:A Case Study of Minjiang River Basin in Fujian Province

针对当下传统聚落空间营建传承和转译的困境,借鉴语言学的结构系统逻辑和图式的心理认知方式,重新梳理了传统聚落空间的组织模式和内在伦理功能。以诺姆·乔姆斯基(Noam Chomsky)的转换生成语法逻辑为理论基础,在当代语境下提出一条适应重识传统聚落空间营建体系的研究路径。运用语言学的结构主义认知逻辑,将传统聚落文化空间从载体的物质性表征引向对居住环境的结构性思考;借鉴空间图式语言的表达形式,解析聚落整体空间的尺度、结构、秩序和意义特征,揭示聚落空间的形成机理和营建智慧;基于语汇要素、句法结构和语境规则三大系统,构成微观-中观-宏观多维尺度嵌套下的聚落空间语汇和语法逻辑体系。传统聚落空间基于"空间–路径"的基本空间语法结构,转译成新的空间结构形式以满足新的空间功能需求。在水平维度上,按照语言学的词法和句法将单一维度上的空间语汇类型化单元进行组合拼接,形成空间语汇词库;在垂直维度上,按照语言学的语法将多维度语汇单元依据语境限制规则折叠和嵌套成复合的物质空间结构。因此,构建的空间图式语言结构认知体系和转译生成方法,为传统聚落空间营建和重构提供新的认知视角。

In view of the dilemma of inheritance and translation in the current traditional settlement space construction,this research sorts out again the organizational modes and internal ethical functions of traditional settlement space by referring to the structural system logic of linguistics and the psychological cognitive mode of schema.Based on Noam Chomsky’s transformational generative grammar logic,it proposes a research path to rediscover the traditional settlement space construction system in the contemporary context.By applying the structuralist cognitive logic of linguistics,it leads traditional settlements cultural space from physical representation of the carrier to structural thinking of the living environment.By referring to the expression form of spatial schema language,it analyzes the scale,structure,order and significance of the whole settlement space,and reveals the formation mechanism and construction wisdom of the settlement space.Based on the three major systems of lexical elements,syntactic structure and context rules,it constructs settlement spatial vocabulary and grammatical logic system under the multi-dimensional nesting of micro–meso–macro scales.Based on the"space–path"basic spatial grammar structure,it translates the traditional settlement space into a new spatial structure to meet the new spatial functional requirements.On the horizontal dimension,it combines the typological units of the spatial vocabulary on a single dimension according to linguistic morphology and syntax to form a spatial lexicon.On the vertical dimension,it folds the multi-dimensional lexical units and nests them into a compound material space structure according to the context restriction rules of the linguistic grammar.Therefore,the research has constructed a cognitive system of spatial schema language structure and translation generation method to provide a new cognitive perspective for the construction and reconstruction of traditional settlement space.