规模化、专业化散粮装集装箱工艺方案研究与比选--以青岛港为例

Study and Selection of Large-scale and Professional Process System for Packing Bulk Grain into Container--A Case Study on Qingdao Port

青岛港董家口港区为加快"散改集"进程,拟建设散粮装箱楼系统。为了设计规模化、专业化的散粮装集装箱工艺方案,首先对国内散粮装箱工艺现状进行归纳和总结,针对作业效率、能耗、可计量性等指标,优选拖行式和固定式集装箱翻转平台进行实际作业实验研究;其次,依据实验得到的装箱能力,设计两个与已建粮食系统额定输送能力(1 000 t/h)相匹配的装箱楼工艺方案,使年装箱能力达到200万吨/年;最后,结合主要技术经济指标,进行方案比选,推荐了专业化装箱楼配合固定式集装箱翻转平台的工艺方案。方案具有人力投入少、节约投资、直接装卸成本低、生产交通组织顺畅、安全性和自动化程度较高等特点,后续建议在自动开关箱门、翻转平台可交替式装箱等方面进行研究和改进,实现标准化、无人化、生产流程化。

In order to speed up the process of "scattered change set", the Qingdao Dongjiakou Port plans to build a bulk grain packing building. To obtain a large-scale and professional process system scheme for packing bulk grain into container, firstly, the status of bulk grain container handling equipment in China is concluded and summarized. Aiming at indexes including operation efficiency, energy consumption and measurability, practical experimental research on moveable bulk packing turnover platform and fixed bulk packing turnover platform are carried out. Secondly, based on the obtained packing capacity, two bulk gain packing platform schemes that match the rated conveying capacity of the established process system(1 000 t/h) are designed. Their annual packing capacity can both reach 2 million ton/year. Finally, the technological and economic parameter indexes of the two schemes are compared and studied, and the scheme of fixed bulk packing turnover platform with specialized container building is recommended. Such a scheme has characteristics including less labor investment, low operating cost, excellent production and transportation organization, high security and high level of automation. In the future, it is suggested to research and improve the automatic opening and closing of the container door and the alternative packing of the platform, so as to realize the standardization, unmanned work and production process routinization.