正常高值血压青年群体的中医体质分布研究

Distribution study on TCM constitution in young people with high-normal blood pressure

目的:研究正常高值血压青年群体的中医体质分布特征,并比较男女性别差异的中医体质分布特征。方法:以17~23岁新生体检人群为研究对象,根据正常高值血压标准纳入群体;以中华中医药学会的《中医体质分类与判定标准》编制体质自测表,通过网络问卷开展体质调查;根据体质判断流程和标准获得纳入群体的体质,首先对整体人群的中医体质分布特征进行研究,然后分为男女性别群体,分别比较不同性别群体的中医体质分布特征。结果:研究共纳入正常高值血压青年828人,其中男390人,女438人。纳入群体整体体质分布特征为:平和质为544人,占65.7%,偏颇体质为284人,占34.3%;在偏颇体质中单一体质者136人,占整个偏颇体质人群的47.9%,其中主要体质类型为阳虚质、阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质等;两种及以上体质兼夹者148人,常见有阳虚质+阴虚质+其他、阴虚质+气虚质+其他、阳虚质+气虚质+其他等类型。从不同性别而言,男性平和质为240人,偏颇体质为150人。在偏颇体质中单一体质者63人,占整个偏颇体质人群的42.0%,其中主要体质为阳虚质、阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质;两种及以上体质兼夹者,常见有阴虚质+气虚质+其他、阳虚质+阴虚质+其他、阳虚质+气虚质+其他等。女性平和质为304人,偏颇体质为134人。在偏颇体质中单一体质者73人,占整个偏颇体质人群的54.5%,其中主要体质也为阳虚质、阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质;两种及以上体质兼夹者,常见有阳虚质+阴虚质+其他、阳虚质+气虚质+其他、阴虚质+气虚质+其他等。不同性别比较平和质与偏颇体质的百分比有统计学差异,P=0.017;两组中单一体质占整个偏颇体质的百分比比较有统计学差异,P=0.036,提示正常高值血压人群中男性的偏颇体质高于女性,在偏颇体质中,女性体质更为单一,男性则倾向于兼夹体质。从偏颇体质的分布特征而言,男女性别无明显差别,也与整体人群偏颇体质的分布特征一致,主要与阳虚质、阴虚质和气虚质等体质关系密切。结论:正常高值血压青年群体存在着部分偏颇体质,其中男性群体偏颇体质发生率高于女性群体,且以兼夹体质常见。

Objective:To study the characteristics of constitution distribution in young people with high-normal blood pressure,and to compare the differences of constitution distribution between males and females.Methods:The subjects of this study were the freshmen aged 17~23,who were enrolled according to the high-normal blood pressure standard.The constitution self-test table was compiled according to the Classification and Judgment Criteria of TCM Constitution of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and the constitution survey was carried out through the network questionnaire.According to the process and criteria of constitution judgment,the constitution in the group was obtained.Firstly,the constitution distribution characteristics of the whole population were studied,and then divided into male and female groups.The constitution distribution characteristics of different gender groups were compared.Results:828 young people with high-normal blood pressure were included in the study,including 390 males(47.1%)and 438 females(52.9%).The body constitution in group included that 544 cases(65.7%)in the Pinghe constitution(平和质)and 284 cases(34.3%)in the Pianpo constitution(偏颇体质).In the Pianpo constitutiona,136 people shows single constitution,for 47.9%.The main constitution types were Yangxu(阳虚质),Yinxu(阴虚质),Qixu(气虚质)and Shire(湿热质).There were 148 people with two or more constitutions,including Yangxu+Yinxu+other,Yinxu+Qixu+other,Yangxu+Qixu+other types.In terms of gender,240 males(61.5%)show a Pinghe constitution and 150 males(38.5%)show a Pianpo constitution.Among the Pianpo constitutions,63 people show single constitution,for 42.0%.The main constitutions were Yangxu,Yinxu,Qixu and Shire.Two or more constitutions were combined.Yinxu+Qixu+other,Yangxu+Yinxu+other,Yangxu+Qixu+other,etc.were common.There were 304 females(69.4%)with the Pinghe constitution and 134 females(30.6%)with the Pianpo constitution.Among the Pianpo constitutions,73 people show single constitution for 54.5%.The main constitutions were Yangxu,Yinxu,Qixu and Shire.Two or more constitutions were combined,and the common ones were Yangxu+Yinxu+other,Yangxu+Qixu+other,Yin+Qixu+other,etc..There were significant differences in the percentages of the Pinghe and Pianpo constitutions between different genders(P=0.017).There was a statistical difference in the percentage of single constitution in the Pianpo constitution between two groups(P=0.036),suggesting that males in the Pianpo constitution was higher than females in the high-normal blood pressure group.In the Pianpo constitution,females show more single constitution,while males tended to have both.As far as the distribution characteristics of the Pianpo constitution,there was no significant difference between males and females,and it was also consistent with the distribution characteristics of the Pianpo constitution of the whole population,which was closely related to the constitutions of Yangxu,Yinxu and Qixu.Conclusion:There are some Pianpo constitutions in young people with high-normal blood pressure.The incidence of Pianpo constitution in male group is higher than that in female group,and both constitutions are common.