流散文学的内涵、流变及“流散性”主题表现--以犹太流散文学为中心

The Connotation,Change and Diasporic Theme of Diaspora Literature——Centering on Jewish Diaspora Literature

"流散文学"是具有切身流散生存经历和体验的流散作家创作的表现个体流散或群体流散生活,艺术地反映流散文化现象及其生成变化事实的各类文学作品。作家流散生存经历和作品"流散性"主题是界定"流散文学"的两个核心要素。这一界定意图解决长期以来"流散文学"内涵与外延模糊不清的问题,既避免当前学界将"流散文学"泛化为"移民文学"的倾向,也弥补界定过于窄小的缺憾,为进一步研究世界流散文学奠定基础。犹太流散文学是世界流散文学的总源头和典范,其表现的"流散性"主题既彰显了犹太流散文学鲜明的民族特性,又一定程度上表现了世界各族流散文学的共性。明确这些问题,有助于对各民族"流散文学"和"全球流散文学史"进行系统研究。

“Diaspora literature”is a variety of literary works created by diaspora writers with their own experience of diaspora,which expresses the diaspora life of individuals or groups and artistically reflects the phenomenon of diaspora culture and the fact of its generation and change.The writers’experience of diaspora and the theme of“diaspora”in their works are two core elements to define“diaspora literature”.This definition aims to remove the long-term vagueness in the connotation and denotation of“diaspora literature”.It not only avoids the tendency of current academic circles to generalize“diaspora literature”as“immigrant literature”,but also makes up for the defect of the overly narrow definition,laying a foundation for afurther study of the world diaspora literature.Jewish diaspora literature is the source and the model of the world diaspora literature.Its theme of“diaspora”shows not only the distinctive national characteristics of Jewish diaspora literature,but also the common features of diaspora Literature in the world to some extent.Clarifying these issues is helpful to the systematic study of“diaspora literature”and“history of global diaspora literature”.