太原地区1827例变应性鼻炎患者变应原检测分析

Analysis of allergen detection in 1827 patients with allergic rhinitis in Taiyuan area

目的分析太原地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原分布情况.方法对2017年1月~2019年9月就诊的1827例疑似变应性鼻炎患者进行血清特异性IgE检测,比较主要变应原阳性率在性别、季节、年龄上的分布差异.结果前3位变应原依次为艾蒿(58.24%)、豚草(29.45%)、室内尘螨组合(24.58%),男性比女性更易对花粉过敏(P<0.05).艾蒿、豚草、树木组合、葎草、德国蟑螂、海洋鱼类组合、黄豆的阳性率在不同季节间有显著差异(P<0.05),而室内尘螨、猫毛、屋尘阳性率在不同季节间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).艾蒿是引起儿童组、少年组、青年组发生过敏性鼻炎最主要的变应原.结论引起太原地区变应性鼻炎的主要变应原是花粉,应积极开展防治工作,尤其重视未成年人变应性鼻炎的治疗.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution of major allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Taiyuan.METHODS Serum specific IgE was detected in 1827 patients with suspected allergic rhinitis who visited the clinic from January 2017 to September 2019,and compared the distribution difference of main allergen positive rate in sex,season and age.RESULTS The first three allergens were Artemisia(58.24%),ragweed(29.45%),indoor dust mite(24.58%),and men were more susceptible to pollen allergy than women(P<0.05).The positive rates of artemisia mugworms,ragweed,tree assemblages,humulus scandens,German cockroaches,Marine fish assemblages and soybean were significantly different in different seasons(P<0.05),while the positive rates of house dust mites,cat hair and house dust were not significantly different in different seasons(P>0.05).Artemisia argyi pollen is the main allergen that causes allergic rhinitis in children group,juvenile group and youth group.CONCLUSION Pollen is the main allergen that causes allergic rhinitis in Taiyuan area.We should actively carry out prevention and control work,especially pay attention to the treatment of allergic rhinitis in minors.