需求不确定的时效敏感性物料库存策略研究

Research on Random Inventory Model about Time-effective Materials with Uncertain Demand and Constant Supply

具有时效敏感性物料在需求不确定的情况下,如何批量补充。文章采用排队论的思想,将时效性物料看作顾客,物料补充即顾客到达,物料发放可看作顾客接受服务,库存水平即队长,物料在仓库中的存放方式可看作是一个按先进先出为原则的排队系统。仓库就可看作一个特殊的随机服务系统,只需要服务时间为零,就可以应用排队论的思想来研究时效性产品的随机存储模型,列出瞬时状态方程及稳定状态方程。最后,推导出一般的算法,从而在货物需求强度已知的情况下可以得到近似最优的货物补充强度。

Using the idea and method of queuing theory, the random inventory model is established presented in form of state probability for time-effective materials, in which the supply intensity is constant but to be determined, the demand intensity is known already, but the demanding amount is random. By transforming the state probability equations into matrix equations, we get a general computing method, so the approximate optimal supply intensity can be computed when the demand intensity is known.