基于观众体验视角的博物馆发展探讨

An exploration of Museum Development from the Perspective of Audience Experience

在当代博物馆日益从以藏品为中心向以观众为中心转变的趋势下,博物馆观众越来越成为博物馆学研究的重要课题,其中观众体验更是研究的核心内容。随着信息技术的日益发达和新媒体的不断产生,与传统相比,观众进入博物馆的体验发生了较大的变化。在博物馆的大众化和休闲功能增强的同时,应当满足观众对博物馆展示活动更多参与的需求,还应将观众体验的反馈纳入对博物馆的评估体系之中。以观众体验为核心、以体验模式为路径解释观众体验论,在检视相关问题的基础上提出应以观众体验为视角改变博物馆的传统理念,改进博物馆展示设计思路,充分运用现代信息技术的支撑形成观众与博物馆的有效互动,实现"以人为本"的现代化博物馆的发展路径。

With the trend of changing from collection-centered to audience-centered,museum audience has become an important subject in the study of museology,in which audience experience is the core content.With the development of information technology and the emergence of new media,compared with tradition,the experience of audience visiting museum has changed greatly.When the museum is popularized and its functions are enhanced,it should meet the needs of the audience to participate more in the museum exhibition activities,and the feedback of the audience experience should be included in the evaluation system of the museum.Taking audience experience as the core and experience model as the route to explain the theory of audience experience,the author of this article puts forward the theory that we should change the traditional concept of museum from the perspective of audience experience,improve the design of museum exhibition,fully apply modern information technology to the effective interaction between audience and museum so as to realize the development path of modern "people-oriented" museum.