爆破对长输管道安全性影响的定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of the Influence of Blasting on the Safety of Long Distance Pipeline

研究爆破对长输管道安全性影响具有重要现实意义。目前我国标准还缺少权威、统一的判定依据,管道运行存在安全隐患。阐述了爆破地震波的产生机理、传播特征,以及影响爆破地震波强度的因素。指出爆破对管道的主要危害形式是振动破坏。建议将3~6cm/s的峰值振动速度作为爆破对长输管道振动影响的安全判据。结合计算示例,给出了典型岩性岩石和不同炸药量条件下爆破对应的管道安全距离,并与《石油天然气管道保护法》要求进行了对比分析。最后针对加强长输管道安全管理,提出了标准修订建议。

It is of great practical significance to study the influence of blasting on the safety of long distance pipeline. At present, China standards are lack of authoritative and unified judgment basis, and there are hidden dangers in pipeline operation. The generation mechanism, propagation characteristics of blasting seismic wave and the factors affecting the strength of blasting seismic wave are described. It is pointed out that the main damage form of blasting to pipeline is vibration damage. It is suggested that the peak vibration velocity of 3~6 cm/s should be taken as the safety criterion of the impact of blasting on the vibration of long distance pipeline. Combined with the calculation example, the safe distance of the pipeline corresponding to the blasting under the conditions of typical lithologic rocks and different blasting charges is given, and compared with the requirements of the oil and gas pipeline protection law. Finally, in order to strengthen the safety management of long-distance pipeline, some suggestions on the revision of the standard are put forward.