工业镇“生产-生活-生态”空间演化过程、动因与重构--以河南省曲沟镇为例

Spatial Evolution Process, Motivation and Reconstruction of "Production-Living-Ecology" in Industrial Town: A Case Study on Qugou Town in Henan Province

以曲沟镇多期高清遥感影像、问卷访谈及大量一手数据为基础,综合运用参与式农村评估(PRA)、GIS空间分析及土地利用转型矩阵等方法,剖析了研究区1991-2017年"三生"空间格局演变及驱动因素,对引导其"三生"空间协调发展有重要的现实意义。结果显示:①研究期内,以工矿用地为主的建设用地增量显著,总体呈现高速扩展、局部集聚及多样化发展态势;②生产空间由农业为主转变为农业与工业两强并存,工业生产空间嵌入到农业生产空间中形成"马赛克"式格局;③生活空间演变呈现空间扩展与质量提升并存的趋势;④生态空间的变化则具备面积缩减与质量下降2个特征;⑤工业镇"三生"空间的演变过程,是乡村能人带动、产业结构演变、路径依赖累积、政府宏观调控及综合地理条件约束等内外因素综合作用的结果。

It is of great practical significance to explore the evolution of the pattern of land use in industrial towns and the motivations for guiding the coordinated development of their"production-living-ecology"space. Based on multi-phase high definition remote sensing image sensing imagery, questionnaire interviews,and a large amount of second-hand data from Qugou Town, a comprehensive analysis of the research area’s use of Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA), spatial analysis of GIS, and transfer matrix of land use was conducted to analyze the rural space restructuring and transformation development in 1991-2017. The study found that: During the period of research, construction land with industrial and mining lands was significantly increased, showing a rapid development, local agglomeration and diversification in total;The production space changed from agriculture to agriculture and industry co-exist, production space of industry is embedded into the agricultural production space to form a"mosaic"pattern;The evolution of living space presents the trend of both spatial expansion and quality improvement coexistence;The change of ecological space has two characteristics of area reduction and quality decline;The evolution process of"production-living-ecology"space is the result of the combined effects of internal and external factors such as the driving of rural talents, the evolution of industrial structure, the accumulation of path dependence, the macro-control of the government, and the constraints of physical and geographical conditions. Industrial town is the typical mode of rural urbanization in China, as a lower level node in urban network, it has the characteristics of large quantity, variety of types, emphasis on development and less planning. The land uses has many challenges, such as extensive, inefficient and inadequate environmental protection, and these problems has already become the barrier to its’ development.The spatial evolution process, pattern and motivation of "production-living-ecology space" in town area revealed by multi-method comprehensive integration, not only can provide direct spatial pattern expression for relevant departments, it can provide guidance for its optimization of industrial distribution and scientific utilization of land resources. Then it can also provides some reference value for guiding the restructuring and sustainable development of rural space in industrial towns.