第一、第二磨牙缺失或减数的正畸临床疗效分析

Effect of orthodontic treatment with first and second molar missing or extraction

目的:评价缺失或减数第一、第二磨牙的矫治临床疗效及第三磨牙的建牙合等问题的初步探讨。方法:选择完成的15例第一、第二磨牙缺失或拔除矫治病例进行分析,通过曲面断层片初步评价第二、第三磨牙的牙根吸收和牙槽骨的改建,以及第二前磨牙与第二、第三磨牙的牙根平行状况,矫治前后进行头影测量分析。结果:15例患者平均疗程(29.6±4.1)个月,上颌前牙整体后移显著,缺失及拔牙间隙关闭满意,软组织侧貌协调,面型满意。曲面断层片显示第二前磨牙与第二、第三磨牙牙根平行排列良好;第二、第三磨牙牙根及牙槽骨无明显吸收。结论:对于第一、第二磨牙严重龋坏需要拔除或过早缺失的患者,只要严格把握适应症,合理的支抗设计和严谨的临床操作,可以重建完整健康的牙列,获得满意的临床效果。

Objective:To evaluate the effects of the orthodontic treatment with first and second molar missing or extraction and to investigate third molar occlusion results.Methods:Fifteen patients with the first and second molar missing or extraction treatment were analyzed.Lateral cephalometric radiographs before and after treatment were taken and analyzed.Panoramic films were used to evaluate root resoption,alveolar crest height and root paralleling of second and third molars.Results:The average treatment time was(29.6±4.1)months.The average backward movement of maxillary incisor.Missing or extraction space of first and second molar were closed,and soft tissue profiles were achieved in all cases.The roots of second premolar,second and third molar were paralleled.The root and alveolar crest height of the second and third molar showed no significant difference after treatment.Conclusion:In patients who need extraction of first and second molar,which is unrestorably damaged or in those who have previously extracted first and second molar and present with extraction space,excellent occlusal relationships can be restored to receive satisfactory results by orthodontic treatment with strict plan,appropriate anchorage control and carefull clinical operation.