佛山市南海区其他感染性腹泻病流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Nanhai district of Foshan city

目的分析2016-2018年广东省佛山市南海区其他感染性腹泻病的流行病学特征,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法选取2016年1月-2018年12月中国疾病预防控制信息系统中,佛山市南海区报告的17516例其他感染性腹泻病病例资料,分析疾病的流行特征、病原体和变化趋势。结果2016-2018年佛山市南海区共报告其他感染性腹泻病17516例,年均报告发病率172.33/10万,无死亡病例,男性发病构成比(59.63%)明显高于女性(40.37%);发病数位居前五位的人群分别为散居儿童(14914例、85.15%)、托幼儿童(555例、3.17%)、学生(476例、2.72%)、家务及待业(476例、2.72%)与商业服务人员(301例、1.72%);病例年龄集中在0岁~组(89.15%);秋冬季为发病高峰期,从10月开始快速上升,11-12月达到发病高峰;实验室诊断病例较多(占60.87%);病原体检测以轮状病毒感染(占92.17%)、沙门菌感染(4.56%)和诺如病毒感染(占1.80%)为多,发病率居前三位的镇分别是桂城镇(272.76/10万)、西樵镇(190.24/10万)和大沥镇(157.72/10万)。结论佛山市南海区其他感染性腹泻病的发病率逐年升高,应采取及时有效的控制措施,提高病人的健康水平,同时加强健康教育,增强病人对疾病的认知程度。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Nanhai district of Foshan city,Guangdong province from 2016 to 2018,so as to provide basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The data of 17516 cases of other infectious diarrhea reported in Nanhai district from January 2016 to December 2018 were collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The epidemiological characteristics,pathogens and changing trend of the diseases were analyzed.Results There were 17516 cases of other infectious diarrhea reported in the district from 2016 to 2018,with the annually reported incidence by average of 172.33/100000,and no death case was reported in Nanhai district during 2016 to 2018.The proportion was higher in the male(59.63%)than in the female(40.37%).Case numbers of cattered children(14914,85.15%),children from child care(555,3.17%),students(476,2.72%),housework and the unemployed(476,2.72%)and commercial services(301,1.72%)ranked the top five.Cases mainly concentrated in age group of 0-year-and 20-year-(89.15%).The peak of onset was in autumn and winter,and the cases rapidly increase from October and reached the peak from November to December.More cases were diagnozed by laboratory detection,accounting for 39.13%,then increased to 60.87%as time went.Rotavirus(92.17%),Salmonella(4.56%)and Norovirus(1.80%)were the main pathogens.Guicheng(272.76/100000),Xiqiao(190.24/100000)and Dali(157.72/100000)were the top 3 townships with the cases.Conclusions The incidence of other infectious diarrhea increases year by year in Nanhai district of Foshan city.The effective control measures should be timely and effectively taken to enhance the health level of patients.Meanwhile,health education should be strengthened in patients to realize these diseases.