环状RNA生物特性与非小细胞型肺癌的研究进展

Advances in the biological characteristics of circrnas and non-small cell lung cancer

环状RNA(circRNA)是一类反向剪切、由下游剪接供体与上游剪接受体相连接,形成一个共价闭合环路结构的非编码RNA。它既没有5′-7甲基鸟嘌呤的帽结构,也没有3′-腺苷酸尾结构,不被核酸外切酶水解,在细胞、组织、唾液及外泌体中稳定存在。circRNA可以通过"海绵"miRNA直接参与基因转录、转录后及剪接过程,可作为模板直接翻译成多肽或蛋白质等发挥作用。近年来的研究发现,circRNA在非小细胞肺癌的发生与发展中发挥重要作用,可能成为非小细胞肺癌诊断、治疗及预测预后的生物标志物。

Circular RNA(circRNA)is a kind of non-coding RNA with a covalently closed continuous loop structure,which is connected by the downstream splicing donor and the upstream splicing receptor in reverse shear.It has neither 5′-7-methylguanine nor 3′adenosine tail structure,it not hydrolyzed by exonuclease,which stable in the cells,tissue,saliva and exosomes.circRNA can be uesd as a sponge to regulate the targeting activity of miRNA,participate in the regulation of the transcription splicing process of genes,and can be directly translated into polypeptides or proteins.Recent studies have found that circRNA is closely related to the occumence and development of non-small cell lung cancer,and it may become a new biomarker for the diagnesis,treatment and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.