印染助剂发展的回顾与瞻望(续三)

Review and prospect of the development of printing and dyeing auxiliaries(continued three)

抚今往昔,我国印染助剂行业自行设厂生产始于1950年,迄今70年,发展很快,从无到有,由小到大,但大而不强,同质化现象严重。近年来,国际、国内不断出台纺织印染用化学品的环保法规,印染助剂行业加紧研发环保产品,以规避环保法规禁用化学品和适应供给侧改革。对印染行业耗能耗水、废水排放量最多的前处理助剂进行革新,以生物酶取代精炼剂,以氧漂活化剂取代氧漂稳定剂,禁用百年来一直沿用的传统助剂,实施绿色生产。着重介绍Gemini表面活性剂和树枝状聚合物,详述其分子结构、合成方法、性能和应用。但遗憾的是,这些化学品无一是我国首创,碍于知识产权保护不能生产,只能应用。

In the past,China′s printing and dyeing auxiliaries industry set up its own factories in 1950,so far 70 years,which developed rapidly,grew out of nothing and grew from a small beginning into a mighty.It was big but not strong,and the phenomenon of homogeneity was serious.In recent years,international and domestic laws and regulations on environmental protection of textile printing and dyeing chemicals had been promulgated continuously.The printing and dyeing auxiliaries industry had intensified research and develop⁃ment of environmental protection products,to avoid the prohibition of chemicals by environmental protection laws and regulations,and adapt to supply-side reform.The innovation of pretreatment auxiliaries which con⁃sumed most water and discharge most wastewater in printing and dyeing industry.Bioenzymes were used to replace refining agents and oxygen bleaching activators were used to replace oxygen bleaching stabilizers.It was forbidden to use some traditional auxiliaries which had been used for centuries and to implement green production.Then Gemini surfactants and dendrimers were focused on.The molecular structure,synthesis methods,properties and applications of Gemini surfactants and dendrimers were described in detail.However,unfortunately,none of these chemicals was pioneered by our country.Because of the protection of intellectual property rights,they could not be produced and could only be used.