激活肝内天然免疫治愈乙型肝炎的进展和新策略

Hepatitis B cured by the activation of intrahepatic innate immunity:Research advances and new strategies

宿主天然免疫和适应性免疫应答对HBV的清除至关重要。慢性HBV感染者体内针对HBV的天然免疫和特异性免疫应答存在缺陷,不能有效清除病毒,导致病毒持续复制和肝脏炎症。除了直接抑制HBV,针对宿主免疫的治疗策略如刺激或重塑抗病毒免疫也是实现慢性乙型肝炎患者功能性治愈的重要手段之一。肝脏是HBV感染的靶器官,因此研究HBV感染对肝内免疫微环境的影响是当前调控肝内抗病毒免疫应答的新药研发热点。主要阐述了HBV感染相关天然免疫应答的研究进展和激活肝内天然免疫应答治愈乙型肝炎的新策略。

Host innate and adaptive immune responses are essential for the clearance of hepatitis B virus(HBV).Patients with chronic HBV infection have defects in innate and specific immune responses against HBV,which cannot effectively eliminate the virus and may result in persistent virus replication and liver inflammation.In addition to direct inhibition of HBV,treatment strategies targeting host immunity,such as stimulating or restoring antiviral immunity,are also important methods to achieve functional cure in patients with chronic hepatitis B.The liver is the target organ for HBV infection,and therefore,the research on the impact of HBV infection on intrahepatic immune microenvironment has become a hotspot for the research and development of new drugs that regulate the antiviral immune response against HBV in the liver.This article reviews the recent research advances in innate immune response associated with HBV infection and the new strategies to activate intrahepatic innate immune response and achieve the cure of hepatitis B.