“屈宋”并称及其之外--关于宋玉文学史地位的省思与再认

The Combined Naming of“Qu Song”and Other Separate Comments——Reflection and Recognition on the Status of Song Yu in Literature History

古代"屈宋"并称的话语传统,大致经历了南朝首肯、唐代批判、宋人重估、明清确认四个阶段。"屈宋"并称在客观展示批评家褒贬态度之际,也隐藏着某些不公平的对待。这种不公平性主要表现为宋玉在文学史中的地位未能得到充分合理的判定。以古人比较两位作家是否齐名并价为例,可见"屈宋"并称让宋玉依附于屈原的光环而存在,以致容易被遮蔽而丧失其独特的文学意义。基于"屈宋"并称之外,关注单独评价宋玉的文论话语,得以窥见文体交叉视野中的宋玉、作为赋学祖师的宋玉以及引领文学风尚的宋玉,藉此证实宋玉作为战国文学大家的显著地位。我们应一改文学史中介绍宋玉轻描淡写的做法,认定宋玉的代表作应包括其他多种。

The ancient discourse tradition of the combined naming of“Qu Song”,has roughly gone through four stages,i.e.the consent of the Southern Dynasty,the criticism of the Tang Dynasty,the reassessment of the Song Dynasty,and the confirmation of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.While objectively displaying the critics attitude of praise and criticism,it has some unfair treatment hidden.Taking the comparison and evaluation of the two writers by the ancients as an example,it can be seen that the combined naming of“Qu Song”let Song Yu be attached to Qu Yuan,so that Song Yu was covered and lost his unique literary significance.Paying attention to the literary discourse of evaluating Song Yu alone,we can see Song Yu in the cross field of literary genre as the founder of Fu studies and the leader of literary fashion,thus confirm the prominent position of Song Yu as a major writer of the Warring States.We should change the way of introducing Song Yu s understatement in the history of literature.