地理学之地缘政治学与地缘经济学:学科之争抑或学科融合?

Paradigms between geopolitics and geoeconomics:Controversy or integration

地缘政治学和地缘经济学都是地缘研究中的主要分支领域。地缘经济学自其诞生之日起就与地缘政治学存在学科之争。从学科谱系看,地缘经济学和地缘政治学都属于地理学中人地关系的研究范畴,故而内含学科融合基础。本文首先对西方地缘政治学和地缘经济学的发展进行简要梳理;然后,以此为背景就地缘经济学和地缘政治学之间存在的前者取代或从属于后者、以及两者相互依赖等学科之争进行分析;在此基础上,对地缘政治学与地缘经济学在理论基础、理论概念指向、理论核心内涵本质上的趋同探讨了两者学科融合的学理基础。研究认为:①地缘经济学是对地缘政治学研究视角的一种丰富;②地缘经济学是对地缘政治学价值立场的一种变换;③地缘经济学是对地缘政治学学术功能的一种补充。

Geopolitics and geoeconomics are of great important component in the geo-research. Actually, Geoeconomics has argued with geopolitics since its birth in 1990s. From the perspective of discipline family tree, however, geopolitics and geoeconomics belong to the category of human-environment relationship in the geography so as to share common inter-points on paradigms. Firstly, this paper analyzed the development of western geopolitics and geoeconomics. And then, on the basis of the previous analysis, the paper discussed the paradigms’ Controversy between geopolitics and geoeconomics, namely geo-economics replacing geopolitics, geoeconomics belonging to geopolitics and their interdependence. Thirdly, the article found that geopolitics and geo-economics have shared the common internal foundation on paradigms in the theoretical origin, theoretical conceptional direction and core meanings. The results show that:①geoeconomics is a variation of the perspective of the geopolitical research;②geoeconomics is a new transformation of geopolitical values;③geoeconomics is an important supplement of geopolitical academic function.