芜湖市城市公园体系等级结构及其时空分布格局

Hierarchical structure and temporal spatial distribution pattern of urban park system in Wuhu

近年来,随着城市化进程的加快,建设城市公园以满足生活需要成了备受关注的热点问题。本文尝试构建城市公园综合吸引力模型,并运用分形、聚类等方法,建立芜湖市城市公园等级体系,并分析其时空分布特征。研究表明:芜湖市城市公园在Z. ipf分布模型中呈现出双分形结构,可分为两个大类六个等级。城市公园体系具有等级层次性不强、高等级公园中心性明显等特征;高等级公园具有极强的老城区指向性、人口稠密区指向性和经济实力强区指向性,低等级公园散布在人口稠密区、数量多、分布范围广;总体上呈现出中心集聚、外围松散,分布不均衡的空间格局。自然条件是公园形成的基础条件,近年来为满足城市发展和城市居民需求,政府规划和企业行为是城市公园形成的决定性因素,各因素相互作用,共同影响着城市公园体系的形成和发展。

Urban parks are the main places for urban residents to get close to nature and leisure. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, building urban parks to meet the needs of life has become a hot issue of concern. This paper attempts to construct a comprehensive attraction model for urban parks, and uses fractal, clustering and other methods to establish a hierarchical system of urban parks in Wuhu City, and analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. The research shows that the urban park in Wuhu City has a double fractal structure in the Zipf distribution model, which can be divided into two major categories and six grades. The grade of the urban park system in Wuhu City is not obviously hierarchical. The high-grade parks are more central. Different grades of parks exhibit different characteristics in spatial distribution. The high-grade parks have strong orientation in the old city, direct orientation in densely populated areas, and strong regional orientation. Low-grade parks are scattered in densely populated areas, with a large number and a wide distribution range. In general, there is a spatial pattern of central agglomeration, loose periphery, and uneven distribution. Natural conditions, urban planning and residents’ needs are the main influencing factors affecting the formation and development of the urban park system.