豫西北山羊遗传资源、生产性能及肉品质研究

Study on north-west henan goat genetic resources,production performance and meat quality

近年来由于封山育林,再加上农业产业结构逐渐向规模化、集约化调整,近30年来,河南省豫西北山羊存栏量明显下降,其中主产区焦作地区1997年存栏最低时只有几千只,因此,保护豫西北山羊这个准濒危地方优良品种已刻不容缓。鉴于以上因素,畜牧工作人员对豫西北山羊遗传资源进行了系统研究,测定了该品种的体型指标数据、屠宰产肉性能,并对该品种的肉质进行了分析,结果表明,该地区豫西北山羊群体数量与2006年相比增长13%,但总体数量仅8000余头,仍需进一步开展遗传资源保护;豫西北山羊体重与体尺、胸部等指标呈正相关(P <0.01);公羊综合产肉能力优于母羊,胴体重显著高于母羊(P <0.05),净肉率和眼肌面积虽然也高于母羊,但差异不显著(P> 0.05);羊肉蛋白质平均含量达20%以上,脂肪平均含量小于3%。

Due to the afforestation,and the large-scale and intensification of the agricultural structure,the number of north-west henan goat decreased obviously in Henan in nearly 30 years,and even only few thousand left in 1997.In view of the above factors,animal husbandry staff in Jiaozuo investigated the genetic resources,including the body index data,slaughter test,and meat quality.The results show that the goat population grew 13%over the population in 2006,but the total number is only 8000,which needs to be further protected.Body weight was positively correlated to the body measurement and chest index(P<0.01).Compared with the ewes,rams had the better capacity of meat production,significantly higher body weight(P<0.05),a higher net meat percentage and bigger eye muscle area,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Meat protein content is more than 20%and fat content is less than 3%on average.