亚麻籽全麦对泌乳奶牛产奶量、乳成分和脂肪酸组成的影响

Effects of whole flaxseed on milk production,milk composition and fatty acid composition of lactating cows

本研究旨在确定全亚麻籽对奶牛生产性能和乳脂肪酸组成的影响。试验将平均产奶量为(165±6.8)kg、平均体重为(433±12)kg的42头荷斯坦奶牛随机分为3组,每组14头(每个重复1头),对照组饲喂8kg含21%粗蛋白质的浓缩料+300g棕榈油,处理1组饲喂对照组日粮+344g/d全亚麻籽+150g棕榈油,处理2组饲喂对照组日粮+688g/d全亚麻籽+300g棕榈油。结果:处理组粗蛋白质的总摄入量较对照组分别提高了4.28%和6.83%(P<0.05)。此外,处理组净能中摄入量也较对照组分别提高了3.28%和3.75%(P<0.05)。处理2组中C18:1和C18:3脂肪酸较对照组分别提高了39.27%和191.30%(P<0.05)。同时,处理组乳中不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较对照组提高了18.10%和34.29%(P<0.05),但饱和脂肪酸含量分别较对照组降低了6.57%和13.34%(P<0.05)。结论:粮补充全珠亚麻籽对泌乳奶牛的产奶量和乳成分没有显著影响,但同时补充300g/d的棕榈油可以提高乳中C18:1和C18:3不饱和脂肪酸,降低饱和脂肪酸含量。

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whole flaxseed on performance and milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows.The average milk yield is(165±6.8)kg,the average weight is(433±12)kg of 42 holstein cow were randomly divided into three groups,each group of 14(each repeat 1 head),control group feeding 8 kg concentrates containing 21%crude protein+300 g of palm oil,1 group feeding control diet+344 g/d same full palm oil,flax seed+150 g processing two groups fed the control diet+688 g/d whole flax seed.Give 300 grams of palm oil.Results:the total crude protein intake in the treatment group increased by 4.28%and 6.83%compared with the control group(P<0.05).In addition,the net energy intake in the treatment group increased by 3.28%and 3.75%respectively compared with the control group(P<0.05).The c18:1 and c18:3 fatty acids in the treatment group increased by 39.27%and 191.30%respectively compared with the control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the contents of unsaturated fatty acids in milk in the treatment group increased by 18.10%and 34.29%respectively compared with the control group(P<0.05),but the contents of saturated fatty acids decreased by 6.57%and 13.34%respectively compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:whole bead flaxseed supplementation has no significant effect on milk yield and milk composition of lactation cows,but 300 g/d palm oil supplementation can increase c18:1 and c18:3 unsaturated fatty acids in milk and reduce the content of saturated fatty acids.