不同加工方式玉米秸秆对育成肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能影响

Effects of corn straw with different processing methods on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation performance of beef cattle

为分析不同加工方式玉米秸秆对育成肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能影响,本试验选择体重相近、健康的育成牛80头随机分成4组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头,1组为对照组饲喂普通玉米秸秆,试验2、3、4组分别饲喂半干青贮玉米秸秆、全株青贮玉米秸秆、益生菌发酵玉米秸秆,预试验10 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:(1)试验3、4组平均日增重较1组比分别提高28.4%、29.7%(P <0.05),料重比较1组相比分别降低11.7%、11.3%(P <0.05),试验2、3、4组的平均采食量均高于1组(P> 0.05);(2)试验2、3、4组干物质、粗蛋白质、钙、磷表观消化率均高于1组(P>0.05);试验3、4组的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率较1组比分别提高11.9%、13.2%、14.2%、15.7%(P <0.05);(3)试验2、3、4组的pH、乙酸、丁酸均高于1组(P> 0.05);试验2、3、4组的丙酸低于1组(P> 0.05),试验3、4组的氨氮、总脂肪酸、微生物含量较1组比分别提高16.8%、17.2%、12.4%、12.7%、21.2%、22.6%(P <0.05)。综上所述,全株青贮玉米秸秆和益生菌发酵玉米秸秆可以提高育成肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能,具有推广应用价值。

In order to analyze the effects of different processing methods of corn straw on growth performance,apparent nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation performance of beef cattle. 80 healthy cattle with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups,20 replicates in each group,1 in each replicate,and group 1 was fed with common corn straw as control group. Experiment group 2,3 and 4 were fed with semi dry silage corn straw,whole silage corn straw and probiotic fermentation corn straw respectively. The preliminary experiment lasted for 10 days and 56 days. The results showed that:(1)The average daily gain of group 3 and 4 were 28.4% and 29.7% higher than that of group 1 respectively(P < 0.05),and the feed weight were 11.7%,11.3% lower than that of group 1 respectively(P < 0.05).(2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,calcium and phosphorus in groups 2,3 and 4 were higher than that in group 1(P > 0.05);the apparent digestibility of neutral washing fiber and acid washing fiber in groups 3 and 4 were 11.9%,13.2%,14.2% and15.7% higher than that in group 1 respectively.(3)The pH,aceticacid and butyricacid of groups 2,3 and 4 were higher than that in group 1(P > 0.05);propionic acid in groups 2,3 and 4 was higher than that in group 1(P >0.05);ammonia nitrogen,total fatty acid and microorganism in groups 3 and 4 were 16.8%,17.2%,12.4%,12.7%,21.2% and 22.6% higher than those in group 1(P < 0.05). In conclusion,the whole plant silage corn straw and probiotic fermentation corn straw could improve the growth performance,apparent nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation performance of beef cattle,which has the value of popularization and application.