西安雾霾治理的资金投入机制研究

On the Capital Investment Mechanism of Haze Management in Xi’an

党的十八大和十九大将"生态文明建设"上升到国家战略高度,并持续强调以生态文明思想指导我国经济建设和环境保护。在生态优先、绿色发展的战略导向下,雾霾治理已成为西安城市大气保护和民生维护的重要内容,研究雾霾治理的资金投入机制,可以为其治霾资金来源提供多元主体视角和政策支撑,以实现雾霾治理的可持续化。本文立足于对西安雾霾现状和人为成因的详细分析,依据"谁污染谁治理"和"谁受益谁参与"的原则,来探寻西安雾霾治理的责任参与主体和受益参与主体。在政府财政投入的主导下,通过社会募捐、污染企业收费、旅游企事业单位集资和燃油附加收费等实现西安雾霾治理资金投入的多元化和参与的社会化。雾霾治理是一个长期、复杂的系统工程,需要从转变经济发展方式等根源上进行治理,也需要全社会的共同参与。

The 18 th and 19 th national congresses of the communist party of China(CPC) referred to "ecological civilization construction" as a national strategy, and continued to emphasize the guiding ideology of ecological civilization in China’s economic development and environmental protection. Under the strategic guidance of green development with high priority to ecology, haze management has become an important part of Xi’an’s program of urban air protection and maintenance of people’s livelihood. Research on the investment mechanism of haze management can provide diversified perspectives and policy support for targetting funding sources, and thus facilitates sustainable haze management. Based on the principles of "those who pollute should compensate" and "those who benefit should participate", this paper conducts a detailed analysis of the current situation and man-induced causes of haze in Xi’an, and in so doing, purports to identify the responsible participants and beneficial participants in haze management. Led by the government’s financial input, Xi’an should diversify its funding sources and strengthen public participation in haze management through such means as public donations, fees charged for pollution, funds raised by tourism enterprises and institutions, and additional fuel charges. Haze management is a long-term and complex systematic project, which needs to be addressed from the perspective of transforming the economic development mode and other root causes, as well as the active participation of the whole society.