考虑多主体博弈的火电机组灵活性改造规划

Planning of Flexibility Retrofits of Thermal Power Units Considering Multi-Agent Game

对于以煤炭为主要能源的国家而言,实施火电机组灵活性改造是提升电力系统灵活性最为现实可行的选择。基于此,提出一种考虑多投资主体博弈的灵活性改造两阶段规划方法。首先,概述灵活性改造涉及的范围及相关技术,提出机组间的改造方案及投资成本具有多样性和差异性的特点;其次,在系统规划阶段,构建发电企业在电量和调峰市场的收益模型,对不同投资主体的博弈行为进行分析,提出一种解决改造博弈问题的快速求解方法;再次,在企业规划阶段,以发电企业运行与投资成本最小化为目标,以系统规划阶段的改造效果和灵活性约束等为边界条件,建立发电企业多技术改造混合整数规划模型;最后,对所提出的模型和方法的合理性及有效性通过算例进行验证,结果表明,所提方法能够统筹兼顾所有投资主体的利益,有效保证了市场活力,可以为规划部门和发电企业提供帮助。

For countries with coal as their main energy source, implementing the flexibility retrofit of thermal power units is the most realistic and feasible option to improve the power system flexibility. This paper proposes a two-stage planning method for the retrofit planning based on multi-agent game. First, the different subsystems and diverse technologies involved in the flexibility retrofitting had been overviewed. Second, in the system planning stage, the profit model for power generation companies in the down-regulation and energy market was constructed, considering the game behavior of different investment entities. Then, a fast solution method was proposed to solve the large-scale game iterative operation problem. Third, in the company planning stage, a mixed-integer planning model for multitechnology retrofit of power generation companies was established. The model aims to minimize the company’s operation and investment cost, constrained by flexibility constraints and the results of the system planning stage. Finally, the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model and method were verified by a case study. The results show that the proposed method can balance the interests of all investment entities, effectively ensure market vitality, and provide assistance to planning departments and power generation companies.