熔体微分电纺回收PP无纺布纳米纤维膜制备及吸油性能

Preparation and oil absorption properties of PP non-woven nanofiber membranes by melt differential electrospinning

回收再利用是最有效的处理废旧高分子材料的方法,既能减少高分子材料对自然环境的危害,又能达到节约成本,变废为宝的目的.借助自制的熔体微分电纺装置,以回收聚丙烯(PP)无纺布为原材料,分别对酸处理后的回收PP无纺布粉料以及添加质量分数10%的不同增塑剂(硬脂酸钠、乙酰基柠檬酸三丁酯(ATBC)、己二酸二辛酯(DOA))的共混物料进行纺丝,在300℃下制备纳米纤维膜.探究回收PP无纺布纺丝的最佳降解时间以及添加不同增塑剂种类对电纺回收PP无纺布纳米纤维形貌、吸油性能及重复使用性能的影响.研究表明,加入增塑剂ATBC效果最佳.当纺丝电压40 kV,纺丝距离70 mm,纺丝温度300℃,ATBC质量分数为10%时制备的纤维直径达到最细为1.13μm.纤维膜吸油倍率为115.4 g/g,保油倍率为70.3g/g,分别为初始市售PP无纺布的4倍和3倍,且具有良好的重复使用性能.

Recycling is the most effective way to dispose of waste polymer materials.It can not only reduce the harm of polymer materials to the natural environment,but also achieve the purpose of saving cost and turning waste into treasure.A self-made melt differential electrospinning device was used to recover the degraded polypropylene(PP)non-woven fabric as a raw material,and the special powder for recycling and degrading PP non-woven fabric after acid treatment and adding different plasticizers with a mass fraction of 10%.A blend of materials of sodium stearate,acetyl tributyl citrate(ATBC),and dioctyl adipate(DOA)was spun,and a nanofiber membrane was prepared at 300℃.The optimum degradation time of PP nonwoven fabric spinning and the effect of adding different plasticizers on the morphology,oil absorption performance and reusability of PP-degraded non-woven fabric nanofibers were investigated.Studies have shown that the addition of plasticizer ATBC works best.When the spinning voltage is 40 kV,the spinning distance is 70 mm,the spinning temperature is 300℃,and the ATBC mass fraction is 10%,the fiber diameter is as fine as 1.13μm.The fiber membrane oil absorption ratio is 115.4 g/g,and the oil retention ratio is 70.3 g/g,which are 4 times and 3 times that of the initially commercially available PP nonwoven fabric,and has good reusability.