相对主义时代的价值重建——“共同价值”的道德哲学诠释

Rebuilding Value Consensus in Age of Relativism--A Moral Philosophy Interpretation of“Common Value”

在观念史中,构成对价值共识达成的最大障碍无疑来自于基于表象个殊的价值相对主义以及自视代表了"真理性知识"的普世主义价值。相对主义和普世主义的缺陷就在于把"相对"绝对化、把"多元"一元化、把"特殊"普遍化,这导致要么放弃寻求价值共识的努力,要么把"地方性知识"包装成"全球性知识"予以推广,造成"文明的冲突"。只有在马克思世界历史理论和人类命运共同体理念的指引下,以"人类社会"为立脚点,"共同利益"才是可理解的,"共同价值"才是可普遍化的。

In the conceptual history,the biggest obstacle to reach value consensus undoubtedly is from value relativism which supports the point that value is incommensurability and value universalism which considers itself represents"the truth knowledge".The error of relativism and universalism lies in the absolutization of"relarivity",the unification of"pluralism"and the universalization of"special".It will result in abandoning the effort to pursue the value consensus,or take the"local knowledge"as"global knowledge"and then spread it,which will inevitably result in"the clash of civilizations".Only if we are guided by Marx’s theory of world history and the community of human destiny,taking"human society"as the starting point,"common interest"can be understood,and"common value"can be also universalized.