核桃青皮及其提取物对产蛋后期蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响

Effects of Walnut Green Husk and its Extract on Laying Performance and Egg Quality in the Late Laying Period

本试验旨在探究蛋鸡产蛋后期饲粮中添加核桃青皮及其提取物对产蛋性能、蛋品质和机体抗氧状态的影响。选取体重为2.00 kg、产蛋率为85%、66周龄健康海兰褐壳蛋鸡180只,随机分为对照组、提取物组和核桃青皮组,每组15个重复,每个重复4只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,提取物组在基础饲粮中添加1.0%的核桃青皮25%乙醇提取物,核桃青皮组在基础饲粮中添加1.0%的核桃青皮粉。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加核桃青皮及其提取物对平均蛋重、采食量均无显著影响(P>0.05),但产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),平均日产蛋量有提高的趋势(P>0.05);提取物组料蛋比显著下降(P<0.05)。除哈氏单位外,添加核桃青皮及其提取物对蛋品质指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加核桃青皮提取物显著提高哈氏单位(P<0.05)。添加核桃青皮及其提取物对蛋鸡肝脏和血液中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、含铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及血液中丙二醛(MDA)浓度均无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加核桃青皮提取物显著降低肝脏中MDA含量(P<0.05)。在产蛋后期添加1%核桃青皮提取物可维持产蛋性能,并降低料蛋比;提高鸡蛋哈氏单位并抑制肝脏脂质过氧化。直接添加1%核桃青皮虽然在改善产蛋性能方面具有积极意义,但不能达到与核桃青皮提取物相同的作用。

The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effects of walnut green husk and its extract on laying performance,egg quality and antioxidant status of the hens in the late period of laying peak.A total of 180 healthy Hy-Line Variety Brown layers weighing an average of 2.00 kg at 66 weeks of age with laying rate about 85%were randomly assigned to a basal diet(Control group),the basal diet supplemented with 1.0%walnut green husk powder(Group of WGH)or the basal diet supplemented with 1.0%walnut green husk extract(extracted with 25%ethanol solution,Group of extract).There were 15 repetitions in every group and 4 chickens in each repetition.Pre-trial period was 7 d,and experimental period was 28 d.The results showed that the egg size and daily intake were not significantly affected by the addition of walnut green husk and its extract(P>0.05),but the laying rate increased significantly(P<0.05)and the average daily egg production tended to increase(P>0.05).The feed/egg ratio was significantly improved by walnut green husk extract(P<0.05).Except for Haugh unit,adding walnut green husk and its extract had no significant effect on egg quality(P>0.05).Haugh unit was significantly increased by walnut green husk extract(P<0.05).Supplementation with walnut green husk and its extract had no influence on activity of catalase(CAT),glutathione reductase(GR),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),copper and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase(CuZn-SOD),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in liver and plasma,and concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA)in plasma(P>0.05).It can be seen that dietary supplementation with 1.0%walnut green husk extract in the later laying period can maintain laying performance,improve egg Haugh unit,reduce the feed/egg ratio,and inhibit the lipid peroxidation of liver.Although the addition of 1.0%walnut green husk has beneficial effect in maintaining laying performance,it cannot achieve the same effect as walnut green husk extract.