云南省德宏州接受抗病毒治疗的HIV感染者高血压患病率及其影响因素

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among HIV-infected Individuals Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in Dehong Prefecture,Yunnan province

目的了解云南省德宏州接受抗病毒治疗的HIV感染者高血压患病情况,分析相关的影响因素,为HIV感染者高血压综合防治工作提供依据。方法采用横断面的调查方法,选取2015年12月—2016年1月在某地HIV感染者定点就诊医院18岁以上、接受抗病毒治疗满1年的HIV感染者进行问卷调查和体格检查。高血压的诊断标准为收缩压≥140 mm Hg和(或)舒张压≥90 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),或既往有高血压史,目前正在服用降血压药。结果共纳入291名HIV感染者,年龄(40.8±10.7)岁,男性占52.2%,HIV感染时间(6.9±3.3)年,治疗时间(5.1±2.7)年。高血压患病率为40.2%。多因素logistic回归分析得出HIV感染者高血压患病的危险因素有年龄≥45岁、男性、傣族、超重肥胖及腹部肥胖。结论德宏州HIV感染者高血压患病率较高,以傣族患病最高。应对HIV感染者开展高血压综合防治,措施包括高血压相关健康教育、筛查、控制血压以及治疗等,以控制高血压的发生与发展。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province and provide evidences for effective prevention and treatment of hypertension.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted.HIV-infected individuals who were aged at least 18 years and have received cART for at least 1 year were recruited from HIV/AIDS designated hospitals between December 2015 and February 2016.Hypertension was defined as SBP≥140 mmHgr DBP≥90 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),or current use of antihypertensive therapy with previous diagnosis of hypertension.Logistic regression models were used to assess the associated factors of hypertension among HIV-infected individuals.RESULTS In total,291 HIV-infected individuals were included in analysis.The average age was(40.8±10.7)years,and 52.2% were males.The mean years since HIV diagnosis was(6.9±3.3)years,and mean duration on treatment was(5.1±2.7)years.The prevalence of hypertension was 40.2%.In multivariable logistic regression,aged≥45 years,male,Dai minority ethnic,body mass index≥24 kg/m^2 and abdominal obesity were positively associated with the presence of hypertension.CONCLUSION High prevalence of hypertension was observed among HIV-infected individuals in Dehong,particularly among Dai ethnic minorities.Integrated control measures including hypertension education and screening should be given to HIV-infected individuals for preventing and controlling the development and progression of hypertension.