妊娠期高血压疾病患者患病体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Illness Experiences of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy

目的探索妊娠期高血压疾病患者患病体验,为制定个性化针对性医疗护理提供依据。方法采用质性研究中的解释现象学研究方法,运用半结构式访谈法对曾患过妊娠期高血压疾病的妇女进行面对面深入访谈来收集资料,将收集到的资料用NVivo11软件和Colaizzi的资料分析法进行整理和主题分析。结果 19例曾患妊娠期高血压疾病的妇女接受了访谈,共提炼出3个主题:易与正常妊娠反应或其他原因混淆、患者心理历程复杂、寻求多方面帮助与支持。结论医务工作者应加大产前疾病宣传力度,预防妊娠期高血压疾病。同时需关注孕产妇心理健康,完善血压监测系统,提升延续性护理服务并做好远期心血管疾病的防控,从而不断改善孕产妇的患病体验。

Objective To explore the illness experiences of patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy(HDP), and to provide basis for individualized and targeted medical care. Methods With hermeneutic phenomenology in qualitative research, semi-structured interview was used to collect data from in-depth face-to-face interviews with women who had suffered from HDP. The collected data were thematically analyzed by NVivo 11 software and Claizzi ’s data analysis method. Results Nineteen women with HDP were interviewed, and three themes were identified including confusing with normal reaction or other reasons easily, complex psychological process, seeking help and supports of different perspectives. Conclusion Health education of HDP is effective for its prevention. At the same time, more attention should go to improving maternal mental health, blood pressure monitoring system, continuity of care services and the prevention and control of long-term cardiovascular diseases, so as to improve maternal experiences continuously.