运动参与的理论基础、衡量指标与影响要素分析

The Theoretical Basis,Measurement Indicators and Influencing Factors of Sports Participation

对运动参与的理论基础、衡量指标和影响要素进行探讨,旨在发展与完善运动参与理论,提高运动参与指导的有效性、针对性和科学性。认为:提高学生的体质与健康水平,最直接、最基本的途径就是扩大运动参与。运动参与的时间、频度、强度,运动参与的主动性、成功体验和科学性是衡量运动参与水平的重要指标。每天参加1 h中等强度体育锻炼的人数是衡量一所学校或一个地区运动参与水平或学校体育发展水平最具代表性的指标。运动参与的外部环境、价值观念和动力系统是影响运动参与的要素,系统各要素间呈现相辅相成、双向互动的关系。

Explorethe theoretical basis,measurement indicators and influencing factors of sports participation are discussed,aiming at developing and perfecting the theory of sports participation and improving the effectiveness,pertinence and scientificalness of sports participation instruction.The study shows that:The most direct and basic way to improve the students'physique and health is to expand their sports participation.The time,frequency and intensity of sports participation,the initiative,the experience of success and science of sports participation are the important indexes to measure the level of sports participation.The average number of people participating in 1 hours of moderate physical exercise every day is the most representative indicator of the level of sports participation or the level of physical education in a school or an area.The external environment,values and dynamic system of sports participation are the factors that affect sports participation,and each element of the system presents a complementary and two-way interaction.