惠州市某企业噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析

Analysis of occupational health examination results of noiseexposed workers in an enterprise in Huizhou

目的 探讨惠州市某企业噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果.方法 对2018年3月~2019年3月惠州市某企业196例在岗噪声作业工人实施职业健康状况检查,实施血常规、尿常规、血压、纯音测听、心电图检查,分析总结检测结果.结果 196例患者中检测血常规异常14例,占7.1%;尿常规异常5例,占2.6%;血压异常37例,占18.9%;纯音测听异常30例,占15.3%;心电图检查异常10例,占5.2%.30例纯音测听异常人群中单纯听力损失者20例,占66.7%;出现职业禁忌证9例,占30.0%;疑似职业性噪声聋1例,占3.3%.男性工人血常规、尿常规异常率与女性对比更低,血压、纯音测听异常率与女性比较更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).随年龄升高,工人的血压、纯音测听异常率逐渐升高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).随工龄升高,工人的血常规、尿常规、血压、纯音测听异常率逐渐升高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).30例出现听力检查结果异常工人的直接接触噪声工作时间均≥7h.30例出现听力检查结果异常工人所在岗位噪声检测值超标率显著高于听力检查结果无异常工人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 惠州市某企业噪声作业工人职业健康状况较差,健康异常状况较多,需加强职业卫生管理和防护.

Objective To explore the results of occupational health examination of noise-exposed workers in an enterprise in Huizhou.Methods 196 cases of on-the-job noise-exposed workers in an enterprise in Huizhou City from March 2018 to March 2019 were tested for occupational health status,blood routine,urine routine,blood pressure,pure tone audiometry,electrocardiogram examination,and the test results were analyzed and summarized.Results Of the 196 patients,14 had abnormal blood routines,accounting for 7.1%;5 had abnormal urine routines,accounting for 2.6%;37 had abnormal blood pressure,accounting for 18.9%;30 cases had abnormal pure tone audiometry,accounting for 15.3%;10 had abnormal electrocardiogram examination,accounting for 5.2%.Among the 30 cases with abnormal pure tone audiometry,20 cases had pure hearing loss,accounting for 66.7%;9 cases had occupational contraindications,accounting for 30.0%;1 case was suspected of occupational noise deaf,accounting for 3.3%.The abnormal rate of blood routine and urine routine of male workers was lower than that of female,and the abnormal rate of blood pressure and pure tone audiometry was higher than that of female,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of age,the blood pressure and the abnormal rate of pure tone audiometry of the workers gradually increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of working age,the blood routine,urine routine,blood pressure,and pure tone audiometry abnormality rate of workers gradually increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The working duration of direct contact with noise of 30 workers with abnormal hearing test results were all≥7h.The unqualified rate of occupational noise in 30 workers with abnormal hearing test results was significantly higher than that of workers without abnormal hearing test results,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The occupational health status of noise-exposed workers in an enterprise in Huizhou City is relatively poor with many abnormal health conditions presented.Occupational health management and protection should be strengthened.