某院近十年系统性红斑狼疮患者调查分析

Investigation of systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the hospital in recent ten years

目的分析四川大学华西医院收治系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者情况,了解患者地域分布特点及危险因素。方法收集四川大学华西生物医学大数据中心2009年2月至2019年2月无重复确诊SLE患者7144例,分析患者年龄、性别、地域、民族、职业、嗜烟、嗜酒、过敏史、家族史及发病情况等。结果四川大学华西医院SLE患者就诊住院平均年龄(32.67±15.12)岁,高峰年龄为18~<42岁,男女比为1∶7.13,各年龄段患者性别比比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=160.34,P<0.001);四川省6502例(占91.01%),就诊住院率为7.26/10万,下属21个地级市以眉山、资阳、成都就诊住院率最高,分别为13.97/10万、13.18/10万、12.69/10万,泸州市就诊住院率最低为1.97/10万;其他省市就诊患者人数以西藏最多(21.34%),云南次之(17.29%)。职业分布:农民最多(占24.33%);民族构成中,汉族占95.16%,少数民族以藏族最多,占64.45%。临床首发症状以皮疹,发热,关节肿痛,四肢水肿多见,占48.26%;累及的病变部位主要为肾(46.49%)、肺(30.45%)、肝(11.77%);SLE伴感染患者2127例(占29.77%),其中肺部感染(占69.63%);在既往感染史中,肝炎占2.78%、结核占3.14%。结论SLE患者眉山、资阳、成都就诊住院率最高,相邻省市西藏和云南居首;农民多见;少数民族以藏族为主。SLE病变具隐匿性和多系统性,感染、过敏、嗜烟等因素可能增加SLE的易感性,对不明原因的水肿、皮疹、发热、关节肿痛患者应注意SLE的筛检。

Objective To analyze the situation of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)admitted to West China Biomedical Big Data Center of Sichuan University,to understand the geographical distribution characteristics and risk of patients.Methods A total of 7144 patients diagnosed with SLE from February 2009 to February 2019 were collected and analyzed in West China Biomedical Big Data Center of Sichuan University,including age,gender,region,nationality,occupation,smoking,alcohol abuse,allergy history,family history and incidence.Results The average age of SLE patients in West China Hospital of Sichuan University was(32.67±15.12)years old,and the peak age was 18-<42 years old.The ratio of male to female was 1∶7.13,the sex ratio at all age groups was statistically significant(χ2=160.34,P<0.001);Sichuan province had 6502 cases(91.01%),and the average hospitalization rate was 7.26/100,000.Among the 21 prefecture-level cities,Meishan,Ziyang and Chengdu had the highest hospitalization rates was 13.97/100000,13.19/100000,12.69/100000 respectively.The rate of hospitalization in Luzhou City was the lowest at 1.97/100000;In other provinces and cities,Tibet had the highest number of patients(21.34%),followed by Yunnan(17.29%).Among the occupational distribution,farmers were the most(24.33%);Rate of the nation groups,the Han nationality accounted for 95.16%,and the largest number of ethnic minorities were Tibetans which accounted for 64.45%.The first clinical symptoms were rash,fever,joint swelling and pain,and extremity edema,which were more common(48.26%);The most common lesions were kidney(46.49%),lung(30.45),live(11.77);SLE with infection were 2127 patients(29.77%),including pulmonary infection(69.63%);In the past infection history,hepatitis accounted for 2.78%,tuberculosis accounted for 3.14%.Conclusion The incidence of Meishan,Ziyang and Chengdu in SLE patients is the highest;and the neighboring provinces of Sichuan,Tibet and Yunnan had the highest number of patients.Farmers are common;The ethnic minorities are mainly Tibetans.SLE lesions are insidious and multi-systemic,infection,allergy,smoking and other factors may increase susceptibility to SLE.Patients with unexplained edema,rash,fever and joint swelling and pain should pay attention to the screening of SLE.