中国国际关系学派的知识社会学分析

Sociology of Knowledge and the Development of Chinese International Relations Schools

学派不同于理论,它不仅是知识生产的结果,还是一种社会现象。学派的形成不但需以独特的理论纲领或研究方法为内核,还必须以通过各种社会纽带联结在一起的学者共同体为载体,并且形成自己的学术与社会影响力。当前中国既存在萌芽中的学派性研究,如关系理论、清华路径,也存在非学派式的理论与观点创新,如创造性介入和社会进化论等,呈现出"独行侠"与"集团军"齐头并进的现象。对未来的中国学派而言,在学界、国家和世界等从微观到宏观层面上都存在推动学派生成、发展的积极性社会性因素,中国学者如能在理论生长的基础上,善用这些因素,就有可能创造更多、更有影响力的中国学派,打破国际关系研究中的美国霸权。

Compared with theories,schools are not only the knowledge products,but the social phenomenon.The development of schools based on the unique theoretic program is preconditioned by the academic community in which scholars are bonded socially together and aiming at shaping the academic and social influences.In the current Chinese International Relations(IR)studies,some are school-oriented such as relational theory and Tsinghua approach,and some are only theories rather than schools such as creative involvement and social evolution.Given that the positive social factors existed in the levels of academia,state and the world,more Chinese schools with the more influences in the academia and more challenges to the American hegemon in IR could be developed if Chinese scholars integrate well these factors into the process of their knowledge production.