南方某城市挥发性有机物控制方案及效益分析

Control Scheme and Benefit Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in a City of Southern China

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是大气臭氧和二次气溶胶形成的主要前体物之一,其成分复杂,包含多类致癌物,对人体健康有极大的危害。目前我国已出台了相关政策和技术标准用以控制各行业企业的VOCs排放,但从实施效果来看,治理水平依然有待提高。以我国南方某城市为研究对象,在分析该市VOCs排放结构和目前治理现状的基础上,结合该市产业结构的特点,选择电子制造业为重点行业,从源头改造、末端治理、监测和台帐记录等方面设计了针对该行业VOCs排放的控制方案,并开展了环境效益和技术与资金需求分析。结果表明:经初步测算,实施控制方案后,该城市电子制造业的VOCs排放共削减4195 t,约占2014年电子制造业VOCs排放总量的40.8%,有明显的减排效益;电子终端产品的水性漆源头改造后不会额外增加电子制造企业太大的运营成本,可降低技术成本,倒逼产业技术升级;电子制造业的环保投资占企业总投资的比例较低,一般不超过3%,不会给企业带来较大的经济影响。

Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)are one of the main precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation.VOCs are complex and contain many carcinogens,which are extremely harmful to human health.China has introduced a large number of policies and technical standards to control the emission of VOCs from enterprises in various industries.However,as far as the current implementation results are concerned,the level of governance still needs to be improved.This paper takes a city in southern China as the research object,focuses on the electronic manufacturing industry and designs a VOCs control scheme in key industries,based on the analysis of the VOCs emission structure and the current governance status of the city and combined with the characteristics of the city itself.The paper designs the control scheme from the aspects of source transformation,end management,monitoring and accounting records,and carries out environmental benefits,technical and financial need analysis.The results show that after the implementation of the control scheme,VOCs emission reduction in electronic manufacturing industry could be 4095 tons which accounts for 40.8%of the total emission in 2014 in electronic manufacturing industry;the water-based paint source remould of the electronic terminal product will not increase the operating cost of the electronic manufacturing enterprise and could reduce the technical cost and force the industrial technology upgrade;at the same time,the proportion of environmental protection investment of electronic manufacturing enterprise in total investment is not very big,generally no more than 3%,which will not bring greater economic impact on enterprises.