油茶林不同水保措施径流及产沙特征研究

Runoff and Sediment Yield Characteristic of Different Soil and Water Conversation Measures in Camellia oleifera Planting

通过5年的径流小区的野外定位观测,研究了油茶林不同水保措施的产流产沙特征。研究表明:产流降雨峰值和谷值出现的时间与自然降雨出现的时间基本一致,表明降雨的季节动态是产流降雨动态变化的主要驱动力;前埂后沟模式有最小的产流产少量和径流系数,其次为内斜式模式,正常小平台则最大;不同水保措施采用梯壁植草措施均能有效减少产流产沙量。前埂后沟和梯壁植草的水保措施适宜在红壤侵蚀区油植种植过程中推广。

Runoff&sediment yields characteristic of different soil&water conversation measures in Camellia oleifera planting were studied through field observation for five years.Research shows that the occurrence time of peak and valley precipitation is similar with natural precipitation,and indicated seasonal variation of natural precipitation are major drivers of precipitation when runoff occurs.(2)Mound before platform and ditch behind platform model have the smallest yields in runoff and sediment and runoff coefficient,followed by the inward-sloping mode,and the normal small platform is the largest.(3)Planting grass on the terrace wall in different soil&water conversation measure can effectively reduce runoff and sediment yield,and improve soil structure.Therefore,soil&water measure with mounding before platform,ditching behind platform and planting grass on the terrace wall should be adopted for Camellia oleifera planting in the red soil erosion areas.