新型冠状病毒肺炎救治一线女护士心理弹性研究

Research on the psychological resilience of first-line female nurses fighting against Corona Virus Disease 2019

目的:了解新型冠状病毒肺炎救治一线女性护理人员的心理弹性,分析其影响因素并提出针对性干预措施,为医院管理者进行心理健康干预提供参考.方法:采用便利抽样法,选取湖北省武汉市5所三级甲等综合医院新型冠状病毒肺炎收治专区482名女性护理人员作为研究对象,使用一般资料问卷、抗疫工作情况调查问卷、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表中文精简版(DASS-21)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)进行调查.结果:新型冠状病毒肺炎救治一线女性护理人员心理弹性得分为(63.52±15.23)分/人,低于我国常模(t=-2.709,P=0.007).相关分析显示女性护理人员心理弹性与抑郁、焦虑、压力情绪呈负相关(r=-0.538,-0.451,-0.451;P均小于0.001).多元回归分析结果显示文化程度、自评健康状况、新型冠状病毒肺炎感染防控知识掌握程度、到目前为止在疫情一线工作时间、每天通过网络或者其他途径了解新型冠状病毒肺炎的信息花费时间、是否满意目前的排班情况、抑郁负荷、焦虑负荷、身份类别、被告知赴一线时心情是影响护理人员心理弹性的主要因素.结论:新型冠状病毒肺炎救治一线女性护理人员心理弹性偏低,医院管理者应完善突发公共卫生事件管理机制,提早进行心理危机干预,增强护士防治疫情的自信心,改善身心健康.

Objective:To explore the psychological resilience of first-line female nurses fighting against Corona Virus Disease 2019,analyze its influencing factors,and put forward targeted intervention measures to provide reference for hospital managers to carry out mental health intervention.Methods:A total of 482 female nurses fighting against COVID-19 in 5 general hospitals in Wuhan,Hubei were selected by convenience sampling method.The general data questionnaire,questionnaire on anti epidemic work,depression anxiety scale(DASS-21)and resilience scale(CD-RISC)were used to investigate.Results:The total score of resilience of female nurses fighting against COVID-19 was(63.52±15.23)points,which was lower than that of our national norm.Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between psychological resilience and depression,anxiety and stress(r=-0.538,-0.451,-0.451,P<0.001).Multiple regression analysis showed resilience of female nurses was mainly influenced by educational level,self-rated health,knowledge of COVID-19 infection control,the working time in the first line,time to know the information of COVID-19 through the internet or other channels every day,whether satisfied with the current schedule,depression load,anxiety load,identity type and the feeling of being told to the front line.Conclusion:First-line female nurses fighting against COVID-19 have low resilience.Hospital managers should improve the management mechanism of public health emergencies,conduct psychological crisis intervention early,so as to enhance the self-confidence of nurses in preventing and treating epidemic diseases,and improve their physical and mental health.