文学生产的媒介环境与审美转向——以口语、文字和印刷术为考察线索

The Media Ecology of Literary Production and Aesthetic Turn——Taking Medium of Language,Text and Printing as Investigation Clues

文学活动是一定历史语境下的产物,文学作品的生成与传承受到多重元素的规约,其中媒介发挥着不可忽视的作用。现代媒介环境学认为,媒介作用于人类的感官,从而对意义世界进行不同比率的感官塑形和改造,口语、文字、印刷术的发展在赋予文学作品多元化传播的同时,也使得作品本身演化出多维度的审美转型。由口语到文字,再到印刷术媒介的演进,本质上是书面视觉媒介颠覆了文学作品传播既定的语言化格局,在推动文学文本视觉转化的基础上,对作品本身的生成途径、审美内涵、接受机制以及经典的评判模式,都带来了全局性的改写。这对于我们今天研究文学与现代传媒的对接,有着重要的历史传承意义,同时也对电子媒介语境下的文学研究有着现代性的启示意义。

Literary activity is the product of a certain historical context.The generation and transmission of literary works bear the stipulation of multiple elements,in which the media plays an important role.According to modern media environmentalism,media acts on human senses,thus shaping and transforming the senses of the world of meaning in different ratios.The development of spoken language,writing and printing not only endows literary works with diversified communication,but also makes the works evolve multi-dimensional aesthetic transformation.The evolution from spoken language to writing,and then to printing media,in essence,is that the written visual media has subverted the established linguistic pattern of literary works.On the basis of promoting the visual transformation of literary texts,it has brought the overall rewriting to the production path,aesthetic connotation,acceptance mechanism and the evaluation mode of classics of the works.This is of great historical significance for us to study the connection between literature and modern media today,and it also has a modern significance for literature research in the context of electronic media.