基于单光子激光雷达远距离海上测距的实现

Realization of Signal Photon Detection for Long-range Sea Surface Laser Ranging

单光子激光雷达具有探测灵敏度高、响应速度快、测量精度高等优势,但在实际工作中易受到背景噪声等问题干扰。针对海面远距离平程目标测量,提出基于高速数字信号全通道实时处理(digital signal process,DSP)研究,通过分析海面上空大气溶胶对激光测量的影响,分析不同的海面能见度对测量系统造成影响的差别,对比相同海域条件下常规测距与单光子测距威力的差别,同时开展适应海面环境的单光子回波通道的数字处理算法研究。在良好天气条件下,对海岸线静止目标53 km大山(发射光学衰减10 dB)探测概率高于95%,对海上38 km运动渔船等小目标进行实时跟踪测量,获得到目标距离信息,且该系统工作稳定可靠。

Single-photon detection is an ultra-sensitive detection technique with the advantage of high detection sensitivity,quick response and high measurement accuracy.However,it is susceptible to interference from background noise and other problems in actual work.Aiming at the measurement of long-range flat-range targets on the sea surface,a digital signal processing(DSP)based on high-speed digital signals was proposed.By analyzing the influence of aerosol over the sea on the laser measurement,the difference of the influence of different sea surface visibility on the measurement system was analyzed.The difference of the power of conventional distance measurement and single photon distance measurement under the same sea conditions was compared.Research on digital processing algorithms for single-photon echo channels adapted to the sea surface environment.The experimental results that laser ranging system can detect the hill 53 km away(emission optical attenuation 10 dB)and the fishing vessel 38 km away.The detection probability of the hill is higher than 95%.It can track and measure small targets such as the moving fishing vessel in real time and get distance data.The system is stable and reliable.