G219国道沿线西藏野驴的空间分布及其适生性分析——以仲巴至噶尔段为例

Spatial distribution and suitability analysis of Equus kiang along G219 national road--Case study of road section from Zhongba to GaEr

为了揭示西藏野驴沿公路的分布特点和适宜分布区,进而为该物种的保护和公路建设中野生动物通道的设计提供科学依据,以G219国道仲巴至噶尔段为例,对西藏野驴沿公路两侧的分布情况进行实地调查.同时选取6个相关的环境因子,利用MaxEnt模型对西藏野驴在公路沿线的空间分布格局和适宜生态空间进行模拟.结果显示,西藏野驴沿公路两侧分布的种群密度因其离公路的距离不同而有所差异,距离公路0~500 m范围内西藏野驴的分布数量明显低于500 m范围外的分布数量,西藏野驴对公路干扰具有趋避性.观测记录和MaxEnt模型预测均显示,西藏野驴在仲巴至噶尔段国道的高适生区集中在中段和南段,这些适宜度较高和较集中的路段适合增设野生动物通道.

In order to reveal the distribution features and optimum distribution of Equus kiang along roads,and further provide scientific evidence for species conservation and designation of wildlife passage during highway construction,the distributions of Equus kiang along the G219 national road were assessed.The Zhongba to GaEr section of G219 road was taken as an example,and the distribution pattern of Equus kiang along G219 road was investigated using observation data.In addition,six relative environmental factors were selected,and MaxEnt model was adopted to simulate the spatial distribution pattern and suitable ecological space of Equus kiang along roads.The observation data showed that the population of Equus kiang varied along the road sides distance,i.e.the number of Equus kiang distributing within 0-500 m of the road was significantly smaller than that distributing>500 m away from the road,which indicated that Equus kiang is sensitive to road disturbance.MaxEent model showed that the higher suitability areas are located in the central and southern parts of Zhongba to GaEr section.These sections with high suit-ability and concentration are suitable for settling wildlife corridors for Equus kiang along G219 road.