陕西省榆林市2013-2018年市售食品中铅、镉、总砷、总汞检测结果分析

Analysis on detection results of lead,cadmium,total arsenic and total mercury in commercially available foods in Yulin City,Shaanxi Province from 2013 to 2018

目的分析榆林市2013-2018年食品中铅、镉、总砷、总汞检测结果,为食品安全风险评估、风险预警提供依据。方法按照《榆林市食品化学污染物及有害因素监测方案》,采集榆林市2013-2018年12个县、市、区市售食品,定量检测铅、镉、总砷、总汞,分析检测结果。结果榆林市2013-2018年铅、镉、总砷、总汞分别检测835份、802份、488份、603份,检出率分别为72.81%、76.31%、12.70%、10.45%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1044.405,P<0.05);分别超标21份、16份、3份、4份,超标率分别为2.51%、2.00%、0.61%、0.66%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=11.510,P<0.05);污染指数中位数分别为0.147、0.090、0.010、0.025,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=441.439,P<0.05);不同年份检出率的差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=74.002、297.153、353.466、374.175,P<0.05)。结论榆林市2013-2018年市售食品中铅、镉、总砷、总汞的安全风险较低,仍需采取针对性控制措施,加强食品安全监测。

Objective To analyze the detection results of lead,cadmium,total arsenic and total mercury in foods in Yulin City from 2013 to 2018,and to provide evidence for food safety risk assessment and risk warning.Methods According to the Monitoring Program for Food Chemical Contaminants and Harmful Factors in Yulin City,foods were collected from 12 counties,cities and districts in Yulin City.Lead,cadmium,total arsenic and total mercury were quantitatively detected,and the detection results were analyzed.Results From 2013 to 2018,835,802,488 and 603 samples of lead,cadmium,total arsenic and total mercury were detected in Yulin City.The detection rates were 72.81%,76.31%,12.70%and 10.45%,respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ^2=1044.405,P<0.05).21,16,3 and 4 samples exceeded the standard,respectively,with the exceeding rates of 2.51%,2.00%,0.61%and 0.66%,respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ^2=11.510,P<0.05).The medians of pollution index were 0.147,0.090,0.010 and 0.025,respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ^2=441.439,P<0.05).The difference of detection rate in different years was statistically significant(χ^2=74.002,297.153,353.466,374.175,P<0.05).Conclusion The safety risks of lead,cadmium,total arsenic and total mercury in commercially available foods in Yulin City from 2013 to 2018 were relatively low.Targeted control measures and strengthened food safety monitoring are still needed.