河北省承德市11例人感染H7N9禽流感流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of human H7N9 infection in Chengde City,Hebei Province

目的分析承德市近年来报告的11例人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例的流行病学调查资料,探讨疫情处置过程,思考存在的不足,为禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学研究方法对病例的临床就诊、暴露史及实验室检测等资料进行整理分析。结果11例确诊病例男女比例为1∶1.75,以中老年人为主,10例(90.9%)发病前有外购散养家禽(大鸡换小鸡)和本地散养家禽暴露。密切接触者经最长潜伏期全部解除医学观察,11例人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例处置及时未出现二代病例。结论人禽流感感染主要与当地"大鸡换小鸡"活动相关,卫生行政部门应加强与农牧、公安、市场监管等部门合作,联防联控是科学、高效防控人感染H7N9禽流感的关键。

Objective To describe the epidemiological data of 11 confirmed cases of human infection with H7 N9 avian influenza in Chengde City in recent years,analyze the disposal process of the epidemic situation,identify the shortcomings,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic.Methods Field epidemiological methods were used to collate and analyze the data of clinical consultation,exposure history and laboratory tests.Results The ratio of male to female was 1∶1.75 in 11 confirmed cases of human infection with H7 N9 avian influenza,and middle aged and elderly people were in the majority.Before the onset of the epidemic,there were 10 cases(90.9%)were exposed to outsourcing free-range poultry("chicken-for-chicken"activity)and local free-range poultry.The close contacts have been removed from medical observation after the maximum incubation period.Totally 11 confirmed cases of human infection with H7 N9 avian influenza were treated in time.And there were no second generation cases.Conclusion The origin of 11 confirmed cases of human infection with H7 N9 avian influenza in Chengde City is related to the local"chicken-for-chicken"activity.Therefore,the health administrative department should strengthen the cooperation with other departments,including the departments of agriculture,animal husbandry,public security and market supervision.And the key to prevent and control this epidemic scientifically and efficiently is the unified dispatch of the local government.