不同环境亮度下影响近视眼对比度阈值的主要像差项

Main aberrations affecting contrast threshold of myopia under different ambient brightness

目的探究影响亮环境、暗环境下无眩光、暗环境下有眩光三种环境下近视及散光人眼对比度阈值的主要像差项。方法选取2018年12月至2019年2月于我院行屈光手术的近视及散光患者98例,对患者进行显然验光、高阶像差以及暗室瞳孔直径等检查,测量三种环境亮度下对比度阈值,分析其与等效球镜度、年龄、瞳孔直径、彗差、球差、总高阶像差的相关性。在不同测试环境下分别以对比度阈值中位数为界将被检者分为两组,并比较两组间各因素差异。结果亮环境下对比度阈值与等效球镜度有相关性(P<0.05),亮环境下两组(对比度阈值<15%组、≥15%组)间等效球镜度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。暗环境下无眩光时对比度阈值与球差有显著相关性(P<0.05),暗环境下无眩光时两组(对比度阈值<80%组、≥80%组)间球差和水平彗差差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。暗环境下有眩光时两组(对比度阈值<80%组、≥80%组)间垂直彗差差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论近视人眼经框架眼镜完全矫正低阶像差后,高阶像差对亮环境下对比度阈值影响较小,主要为球差及水平彗差影响暗环境下无眩光时对比度阈值,垂直彗差影响暗环境下有眩光时对比度阈值。

Objective To explore the main aberrations that affect the contrast threshold of myopia eye in three environments bright environment,dark environment without glare and dark environment with glare.Methods A total of 98 myopic and astigmatic patients who planned to undergo refractive surgery in our hospital from December 2018 to February 2019 were selected to perform manifest optometry,high-order aberration and darkroom pupil diameter examination,to detect contrast threshold under three brightness levels respectively.Then the correlation between contrast threshold and various factors(spherical equivalent,age,pupil diameter,coma,spherical aberration,and total high order aberration)were analyzed.Subjects were divided into 2 groups with the median of contrast threshold as the boundary.Differences in each factor were compared between two groups.Results The contrast threshold was correlated to the spherical equivalent in bright environment(P<0.05),and there was a statistical difference in the spherical equivalent between two groups(contrast threshold<15%group and≥15%group)in bright environment(P<0.05).Contrast threshold in dark environment without glare was significantly correlated with spherical aberration(P<0.05).Spherical aberration and horizontal coma were statistically different between two groups(contrast threshold<80%group and≥80%group)in dark environment without glare(both P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the vertical coma between two groups(contrast threshold<80%group and≥80%group)in the dark environment with glare(P<0.05).Conclusion After the glasses have completely corrected the low-order aberration of myopic eyes,the high-order aberration has little effect on the contrast threshold in bright environment,mainly spherical aberration and horizontal coma affect the contrast threshold in dark environment,while vertical coma affects the contrast threshold in dark environment with glare.