论新时期鲁迅研究从“思想”向“精神”的转变——以王富仁的《中国反封建思想革命的一面镜子》为中心

The Shift from “Thought” to “Spirit” in Lu Xun Studies since 1976: A Case Study of Wang Furen’s A Mirror of China’s Anti-Feudal Ideological Revolution

新时期是鲁迅研究转折期的观点已是常识,但转折是通过哪些途径进行的,这一问题却仍存疑点。本文将尝试立足于王富仁的鲁迅研究,以"思想""精神"两个关键词的更迭为线索来梳理转变的历程,指出其贡献在于借助于认识论转向重新将鲁迅研究变得知识分子化、现实化。这种努力被后来走向个体化、走向启蒙的鲁迅研究追溯为起点。"精神"概念在后者的层面上被重视,它勾勒出了与政治性的"思想"范式不同的知识体系。关键词转变背后是认知范式的转型。

It is commonly accepted that 1976 was a turning point for Lu Xun studies, but what remains obscure is through what ways the shift eventuated. This article, by focusing on Wang Furen’s study of Lu Xun, attempts to outline the shift with the two keywords "thought" and "spirit", and highlights his contribution of integratingfactorsof intellectuals and reality into Lu Xun studies, which is inspired by the epistemological turn. This attempt becomes the origin of a more individualized and enlightenment-oriented approaches to Lu Xun. It is in this latter period that the concept of "spirit" is emphasized, because it depicts a knowledge system different from the politicized "thought". The shift of keywords, in fact, indicates a shift of epistemology.