竖缝宽度对双侧竖缝式鱼道水力特性的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Vertical Seam Width on Hydraulic Characteristics for Fishway with Bilateral Vertical Seam

鱼道是帮助鱼类洄游、产卵的人工通道,但目前很多已建的鱼道因流态差、进流口诱鱼效果不理想等原因而导致过鱼率偏低,因此鱼道的水力特性研究意义较大。论文应用fluent软件建立了双侧竖缝式鱼道的数学模型,并对其进行了10种不同缝宽的水力特性数值模拟,结果表明竖缝宽度对双侧竖缝式鱼道池室流场结构分布、主流形态以及竖缝断面流速分布有较大的影响。当竖缝相对宽度在0.06~0.125时,鱼道流场结构分布较合理,主流有效利用率高且主流沿程衰减较好,竖缝断面的流速分布也比较均匀。

Fishway is an artificial passageway to help fish migrate and lay eggs.However,at present,owing to bad flow patterns,undesirable results of inducing fish at the intake and so on,the rate of fish passing through the completed fishhway is low.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the hydraulic characteristics of fishway.The fluent software is used to establish the mathematical model of double vertical seam fishway,and the hydraulic characteristics for the fishway with 10 sets of different slot widths is carried out.The results show that the width of vertical seam has an great effect on the structure distribution of flow field in the pool,the shape of mainstream and velocity characteristics of vertical slit section of double vertical seam fishway.When the relative width of the vertical seam is between 0.06 and 0.125,the flow field structure of the fishway is reasonable,the effective utilization rate of the main stream is high,the attenuation of the main stream is good,and the velocity distribution of the vertical seam section is relatively uniform.